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Изходен канал @clockstackwheels · Post #721 · 26.12

Почему я люблю языки с сильной системой типов, проверяемой статическим анализом кода — хорошо написанная программа является своей собственной спецификацией и позволяет выражать через язык программирования законы существования предметной области. Когда-то давно я писал на ActionScript. Там была система типов, но вот десериализация JSON'ов по-умолчанию была в какой-то общий Object, к полям которого нужно было обращаться ["по_строковому_имени"]. В один момент мне потребовалось написать что-то на C#, который я совсем не знал, я стал гуглить, как десериализовать JSON, и с удивлением обнаружил кучу советов заранее объявить класс со всеми нужными полями и десериализовать в него. "Какой ужас!", — подумал я тогда, — "Это же дико неудобно! А если я не знаю полей JSON? А если их много? Отвратительный язык!" Теперь то я прекрасно понимаю, что JSON это контракт, и что правильная десериализация только такая и должна быть, и что в хорошем API в одном поле никогда не бывает данных принципиально разных типов, и так далее. Нет, если вы набиваете вечерами пет-проект или сидите бессонную ночь на хакатоне, нет ничего плохого в том, чтобы взять простой язык с динамическими типами вроде JavaScript или Python, не требующий описывать данные. Но вот в энтерпрайзе, особенно когда над одним проектом работает много людей (а бывает это очень часто) — хорошее использование системы типов убережёт разработчиков от огромного количества ошибок, будет бить их по рукам, когда они пытаются сделать что-то не то, и будет подсказывать, когда они не уверены в чём-то. С помощью статической типизации можно на уровне кода обозначить правила, по которым ведёт себя предметная область вашей программы в реальном мире. Разработчику не только будет сложно их нарушить, но он ещё и станет узнавать какие-то вещи, которые мог не знать раньше. Например, если мы делаем медицинскую CRM, и больница заводит новых пациентов только тогда, когда знает их группу крови, мы можем объявить тип "Пациент" (или, если точнее, "Карта пациента") и запретить создавать экземпляры этого типа, не передав в конструктор группу крови (которая, в свою очередь, тоже является типом, вероятнее всего ValueObject'ом). Если новый программист пришёл в проект, он, во-первых, не сможет записать в БД некорректную карту пациента. Понятно, мы не учитываем случаи, когда новый программист переделывает модели предметной области — это будет хорошо видно на кодревью. А, во-вторых, даже если ему никто не сказал, что пациенты должны быть с группой крови, он узнает это из кода. И уже будет понимать, что в тех процессах реальной жизни, которые он описывает кодом, карта пациента создаётся только при наличии группы крови. А, значит, нужно искать какой-то способ сначала эту группу крови получить, и только потом создавать карту. Программирование моделирует реальный процесс. В настоящей работе даже на языках с типами, конечно, без должного контроля можно написать что угодно. Нужна управленческая воля, компетентность руководства, понимание опасности техдолга, в идеале отдельные должности для архитекторов, опытные лиды и старшие разработчики. Но когда всё это есть, можно отсекать много проблем ещё на старте и проще погружать новичков. #dev

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Periódico Granma

@periodicogranma · Post #44550 · 23.03.2026 г., 14:33

🌐⚠️| La Historia no perdonará a quienes pretendan ignorar o evadir la complejidad y el peligro del actual contexto regional⤵️ 🗣️💬 Intervención del ministro de Relaciones Exteriores, Bruno Rodríguez Parrilla, en la X Cumbre de la #Celac, celebrada en Bogotá, Colombia Lea más: 👉🔗https://goo.su/QUFtr

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Partido Comunista de Cuba

@PartidoComunistadeCuba · Post #10080 · 09.04.2025 г., 15:53

Miguel Díaz-Canel Bermúdez (@DíazCanelB) en X) A pocas horas de la Cumbre #CELAC en Tegucigalpa, hemos tenido un encuentro muy emotivo con colaboradores cubanos de salud y educación, y con hondureños que sienten profundo amor por nuestro país. Les aseguramos que #Honduras y su querido pueblo pueden seguir contando con #Cuba.

Partido Comunista de Cuba

@PartidoComunistadeCuba · Post #10075 · 09.04.2025 г., 13:27

Miguel Díaz-Canel Bermúdez (@DíazCanelB) en X) A pocas horas de la Cumbre #CELAC en Tegucigalpa, hemos tenido un encuentro muy emotivo con colaboradores cubanos de salud y educación, y con hondureños que sienten profundo amor por nuestro país. Les aseguramos que #Honduras y su querido pueblo pueden seguir contando con #Cuba. https://x.com/i/status/1909828113183224024

Venezuelanalysis

@venanalysis · Post #1936 · 14.04.2025 г., 16:13

📰 NEWS | Latin American Leaders Preach Unity Against Trade Wars and Mass Deportations at CELAC Summit At the IX CELAC Summit in Honduras, Latin American and Caribbean leaders condemned US-led sanctions, trade wars, and anti-migrant policies. Venezuela's Maduro urged the bloc to “reinvent itself” and adopt a general secretariat. Leaders also rejected the Trump administration’s use of the Alien Enemies Act to deport Venezuelans, with reports confirming that most of the 2,500+ deported migrants have no criminal record. Some were even held in Guantánamo Bay before being returned. 🔗 Read our report here: https://venezuelanalysis.com/news/latin-american-leaders-preach-unity-against-trade-wars-and-mass-deportations-at-celac-summit/ #CELAC#Migration#RegionalIntegration

Marx21.it

@marx21news · Post #9523 · 09.01.2026 г., 14:05

Venezuela: Maduro resta Presidente, il Paese in pace e calma Durante il vertice straordinario della CELAC a Brasilia, il Ministro degli Esteri venezuelano Yván Gil ha ribadito che Nicolás Maduro Moros continua a essere il Presidente legittimo del Venezuela, nonostante il suo sequestro illegale da parte degli Stati Uniti dopo l’attacco militare del 2 gennaio. Gil ha sottolineato che: ✅ Il Paese è in pace e calma, le istituzioni funzionano regolarmente. ✅ Il popolo venezuelano è unito e le strutture dello Stato operano normalmente. ✅ La Via diplomatica e del dialogo rimane la priorità, senza accettare imposizioni esterne. Ha inoltre chiesto alla CELAC di esigere il ritiro immediato delle forze militari nel Caribe e di ripristinare la legalità internazionale. Il governo venezuelano conferma che la FANB è pronta a difendere la sovranità e l’integrità territoriale del Paese di fronte a quella che definisce una guerra coloniale. Solidarietà internazionale: Russia, Brasile e Messico hanno già condannato l’aggressione e ribadito il riconoscimento di Maduro come Presidente legittimo. #Venezuela#Maduro#CELAC#Sovranità#Pace https://www.marx21.it/internazionale/gil-ribadisce-alla-celac-che-maduro-resta-presidente-il-venezuela-e-in-pace-e-calma/

Venezuelanalysis

@venanalysis · Post #1964 · 15.05.2025 г., 19:11

📰NEWS | China-CELAC Summit Announces Cooperation Initiatives and $9 Billion Credit Program The China-CELAC Forum concluded with the announcement of five cooperation programs and a $9.2 billion credit line to support Latin American and Caribbean development. China pledged visa-free access for five countries, thousands of scholarships, and increased Belt and Road investment. The forum’s final declaration endorsed reforms to the UN and global financial institutions. Venezuela praised China’s role in avoiding a global economic crisis during Trump’s trade war and reaffirmed its “all-weather strategic partnership” with Beijing. 🔗 Read the full article here: https://shorturl.at/esNlb #CELAC#China#ChinaVenezuelaRelations

@RusEmbMalta Press Release 🎙Russia's Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov’s statement and answers to media questions following the G20 Ministerial Council meeting (Johannesburg, February 21, 2025) 💬 The main focus of the deliberations among the Foreign Ministers was the crucial goal of amplifying the voices of developing nations in global decision-making. The discussions were substantial, and we observed tangible progress in this regard. Since last year, the African Union has attained full membership within the G20. The League of Arab States (#LAS) and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (#CELAC) are interested in securing equivalent status. Such ambitions are commendable. We are confident that, in due course, the #EAEU may also rightfully aspire to similar standing <…> We articulated our perspective on international challenges and their resolution during a period when multipolar realities are increasingly acknowledged. The advent of multipolarity is self-evident to us and to the #BRICS nations. Statistical evidence underscores this trend. 📈 The combined gross domestic product of BRICS states has surpassed that of the G7 countries. BRICS accounts for 37 percent of global GDP, compared to the G7’s 29 percent. This disparity heightens the urgency of reforming global economic institutions to reflect the genuine weight of the Global South and the World Majority within the world economy, alongside fostering non-discriminatory economic ties. These matters were actively deliberated. Russia stands ready to vigorously facilitate further progress in this domain, though numerous challenges persist <…> We urged our Western counterparts to respect universally recognised rules of international law. Emphasis was placed on revitalising the United Nations’ role as a platform for coordinating state actions and forging a fair balance of interests. The role played by BRICS certainly attracts everyone’s attention at the global level <…> Speaking about entities that play a certain role in international economic relations, the G20 in general retains the role of a dialogue platform between the old and new centres of power. We spoke in favour of preserving the economic profile of this association <…> South Africa, which has led the G20 this year, completes the succession of BRICS presidencies that began in 2022, when Indonesia was at the head of the G20. In 2023 it was India, and in 2024 it was Brazil. This successive version of BRICS being at the helm of the G20 has had the positive outcome of strengthening the position of the Global South in our forum. ❗️ All this contributes to the establishment of a fairer multipolar world order based on the sovereign equality of states, as required by the UN Charter, and on all other principles of the Charter in their totality and interrelation. From answers to media questions: 🔹 The European Union’s High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Kaja Kallas, spoke at the G20 with the same array of accusations, proclaiming certain “plans” that would prevent Russia from taking its rightful place in the world. There is some tragicomic element to this. 🔹 The reaction of the “tragicomic figures” heading the Brussels bureaucracy and NATO to the meeting in Riyadh is highly illustrative. The mere fact that representatives of two great powers sat down, engaged in discussion, and articulated their respective positions is perceived by them as a betrayal of Western interests. These individuals are not in good health. 🔹 Multipolarity is gaining ascendancy. The growth trajectories of new, formidable centres of power – economic, political, and financial – demonstrate that this multipolarity is irreversible. In this context, the G20 retains its relevance as a forum where Western participants may come to recognise the inevitability of this process and begin adapting to it. Read in full here.

Venezuelanalysis

@venanalysis · Post #2169 · 11.11.2025 г., 04:30

📰 NEWS | CELAC-EU Summit Urges Peace as Venezuela’s Maduro Warns of Caribbean ‘War Threats’ The CELAC-EU gathering in Santa Marta, Colombia, emphasized the two blocs' commitment to peace, cooperation and multilateralism. A final communiqué rejected "threats and use of force" amidst a US military buildup in the Caribbean. Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro addressed the summit, calling for a regional response to preserve the region's sovereignty and self-determination. Read the full report here 👉https://venezuelanalysis.com/news/celac-eu-summit-urges-peace-as-venezuelas-maduro-warns-of-caribbean-war-threats/ #USMilitaryThreats#CELAC#RegionalIntegration#InternationalSolidarity

🎙Russia's Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov’s statement and answers to media questions following the G20 Ministerial Council meeting(Johannesburg, February 21, 2025) Read in full 💬 The main focus of the deliberations among the Foreign Ministers was the crucial goal of amplifying the voices of developing nations in global decision-making. The discussions were substantial, and we observed tangible progress in this regard. Since last year, the African Union has attained full membership within the G20. The League of Arab States (#LAS) and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (#CELAC) are interested in securing equivalent status. Such ambitions are commendable. We are confident that, in due course, the #EAEU may also rightfully aspire to similar standing <…> We articulated our perspective on international challenges and their resolution during a period when multipolar realities are increasingly acknowledged. The advent of multipolarity is self-evident to us and to the #BRICS nations. Statistical evidence underscores this trend. 📈 The combined gross domestic product of BRICS states has surpassed that of the G7 countries. BRICS accounts for 37 percent of global GDP, compared to the G7’s 29 percent. This disparity heightens the urgency of reforming global economic institutions to reflect the genuine weight of the Global South and the World Majority within the world economy, alongside fostering non-discriminatory economic ties. These matters were actively deliberated. Russia stands ready to vigorously facilitate further progress in this domain, though numerous challenges persist <…> We urged our Western counterparts to respect universally recognised rules of international law. Emphasis was placed on revitalising the United Nations’ role as a platform for coordinating state actions and forging a fair balance of interests. The role played by BRICS certainly attracts everyone’s attention at the global level <…> Speaking about entities that play a certain role in international economic relations, the G20 in general retains the role of a dialogue platform between the old and new centres of power. We spoke in favour of preserving the economic profile of this association <…> South Africa, which has led the G20 this year, completes the succession of BRICS presidencies that began in 2022, when Indonesia was at the head of the G20. In 2023 it was India, and in 2024 it was Brazil. This successive version of BRICS being at the helm of the G20 has had the positive outcomeof strengthening the position of the Global South in our forum. ❗️ All this contributes to the establishment of a fairer multipolar world order based on the sovereign equality of states, as required by the UN Charter, and on all other principles of the Charter in their totality and interrelation. From answers to media questions: • The European Union’s High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Kaja Kallas, spoke at the G20 with the same array of accusations, proclaiming certain “plans” that would prevent Russia from taking its rightful place in the world. There is some tragicomic element to this. • The reaction of the “tragicomic figures” heading the Brussels bureaucracy and NATO tothe meeting in Riyadh is highly illustrative. The mere fact that representatives of two great powers sat down, engaged in discussion, and articulated their respective positions is perceived by them as a betrayal of Western interests. These individuals are not in good health. • Multipolarity is gaining ascendancy. The growth trajectories of new, formidable centres of power – economic, political, and financial – demonstrate that this multipolarity is irreversible. In this context, the G20 retains its relevance as a forum where Western participants may come to recognise the inevitability of this process and begin adapting to it.

🎙Russia's Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov’s statement and answers to media questions following the G20 Ministerial Council meeting(Johannesburg, February 21, 2025) Read in full 💬 The main focus of the deliberations among the Foreign Ministers was the crucial goal of amplifying the voices of developing nations in global decision-making. The discussions were substantial, and we observed tangible progress in this regard. Since last year, the African Union has attained full membership within the G20. The League of Arab States (#LAS) and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (#CELAC) are interested in securing equivalent status. Such ambitions are commendable. We are confident that, in due course, the #EAEU may also rightfully aspire to similar standing <…> We articulated our perspective on international challenges and their resolution during a period when multipolar realities are increasingly acknowledged. The advent of multipolarity is self-evident to us and to the #BRICS nations. Statistical evidence underscores this trend. 📈 The combined gross domestic product of BRICS states has surpassed that of the G7 countries. BRICS accounts for 37 percent of global GDP, compared to the G7’s 29 percent. This disparity heightens the urgency of reforming global economic institutions to reflect the genuine weight of the Global South and the World Majority within the world economy, alongside fostering non-discriminatory economic ties. These matters were actively deliberated. Russia stands ready to vigorously facilitate further progress in this domain, though numerous challenges persist <…> We urged our Western counterparts to respect universally recognised rules of international law. Emphasis was placed on revitalising the United Nations’ role as a platform for coordinating state actions and forging a fair balance of interests. The role played by BRICS certainly attracts everyone’s attention at the global level <…> Speaking about entities that play a certain role in international economic relations, the G20 in general retains the role of a dialogue platform between the old and new centres of power. We spoke in favour of preserving the economic profile of this association <…> South Africa, which has led the G20 this year, completes the succession of BRICS presidencies that began in 2022, when Indonesia was at the head of the G20. In 2023 it was India, and in 2024 it was Brazil. This successive version of BRICS being at the helm of the G20 has had the positive outcomeof strengthening the position of the Global South in our forum. ❗️ All this contributes to the establishment of a fairer multipolar world order based on the sovereign equality of states, as required by the UN Charter, and on all other principles of the Charter in their totality and interrelation. From answers to media questions: • The European Union’s High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Kaja Kallas, spoke at the G20 with the same array of accusations, proclaiming certain “plans” that would prevent Russia from taking its rightful place in the world. There is some tragicomic element to this. • The reaction of the “tragicomic figures” heading the Brussels bureaucracy and NATO tothe meeting in Riyadh is highly illustrative. The mere fact that representatives of two great powers sat down, engaged in discussion, and articulated their respective positions is perceived by them as a betrayal of Western interests. These individuals are not in good health. • Multipolarity is gaining ascendancy. The growth trajectories of new, formidable centres of power – economic, political, and financial – demonstrate that this multipolarity is irreversible. In this context, the G20 retains its relevance as a forum where Western participants may come to recognise the inevitability of this process and begin adapting to it.

Noticias de LAD🇷🇺

@LAD_MAERusia · Post #22687 · 23.02.2026 г., 18:43

🗓Hoy se cumple 1️⃣6️⃣ años del acuerdo del establecimiento de la #CELAC 🌎 La Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños (la CELAC) es la mayor agrupación regional de América Latina y el Caribe. Abarca a los 33 Estados que tienen diferentes corrientes políticas e ideológicas, pero los que están unidos en la búsqueda de una integración regional equilibrada y democrática. #TalDíaComoHoy, en 2010, durante la II Cumbre de América Latina y el Caribe sobre Integración y Desarrollo, celebrada en México, se acordó crear este nuevo organismo, con el fin de reunir a todos los Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños. Posteriormente, en Venezuela, durante la Cumbre de Caracas del 3 de diciembre de 2011, fue constituida definitivamente la CELAC. La creación de la unión fue un resultado de varias instancias multilaterales establecidas por los países latinoamericanos para buscar la paz, el desarrollo social y económico, así como la integración regional. Durante estos 16 años, la unión ha sido un instrumento importante para fortalecer la participación de América Latina y el Caribe en la cooperación extrarregional y el diálogo político global frente a los diferentes desafíos del actual sistema económico, social y político que busca un desarrollo equitativo, y se ha concretado en sus esfuerzos. 🇷🇺#RusiaCELAC En el año 2015, Rusia y CELAC establecieron un mecanismo permanente de diálogo político y cooperaciónRusia-CELAC. Entre los formatos más eficaces de la interacción se destacaban las reuniones ministeriales entre Rusia y el "Cuarteto" de países de la CELAC. Rusia ha abogado y sigue apoyando la consolidación de los procesos de la integración regional en América Latina y el Caribe, incluso sobre la base de la agrupación influyente de la CELAC, que refleja la aspiración regional común a la unidad. A Rusia y la CELAC les une la comprensión de la necesidad de formar un orden mundial multipolarmás justo y democrático, basado en la primacía del Derecho Internacional, así como el interés mutuo en desarrollar las relaciones multilaterales equitativas. 🤝¡Felicitamos a nuestros colegas de la CELAC con esta fecha importante, les deseamos muchos éxitos en el logro de sus objetivos! #RusiaAméricaLatina

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