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π·πΊ Battle of the Vozha River The Battle of the Vozha River was a battle during the Great Troubles, fought between the Principality of Moscow and Mamai's faction within the Golden Horde on 11 August 1378.[6] Mamai sought to punish Dmitri Ivanovich of Moscow (who had not yet received his nickname Donskoy) for refusing to pay the tribute. The Tatars were commanded by murza Begich. The two armies met near the river Vozha, a tributary of the Oka. After successful reconnaissance Dmitri managed to block the ford which the Tatars intended to use for the crossing of the river. He and his troops held a good position on a hill. The Russians' formation was in the shape of a bow with Donskoy leading the center and the flanks under the command of Timofey Velyaminov and Andrei of Polotsk. After waiting a long time, Begich decided to cross the river and to encircle the Russians from both sides. However, the attack of the Tatar cavalry was repelled and the Russians went over to a counter-attack. The Tatars left their tracks and began retreating in disorder, many of them drowned in the river. Begich himself was killed. The Vozha battle was the first serious victory of the Russians over a big army of the Golden Horde. It had a big psychological effect before the famous Battle of Kulikovo because it demonstrated the vulnerability of the Tatar cavalry which was unable to overcome tough resistance or withstand determined counter-attacks. For Mamai, the defeat of Vozha meant a direct challenge by Dmitry which caused him to start a new unsuccessful campaign two years later. ΠΠΈΡΠ²Π° Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΠΎΠΆΠ° Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΡΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ½ΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΠ°ΠΌΠ°Ρ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΡΠ΄Ρ 11 Π°Π²Π³ΡΡΡΠ° 1378 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΠ°ΠΌΠ°ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ ΠΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π΅ΡΡ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ) Π·Π° ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π· ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Ρ. Π’Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π» ΠΌΡΡΠ·Π° ΠΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ²Π° Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΠΊΠ° Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ ΠΠΎΠΆΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π» Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠ΄, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ. ΠΠ½ ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΠΊΠ° Π·Π°Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° Ρ ΠΎΠ»ΠΌΠ΅. Π Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΠΊ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°: ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π³Π»Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ» ΠΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ»Π°Π½Π³ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π’ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΠΠ½Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. ΠΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ, ΠΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ» ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ Ρ Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ. Π’Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡ, ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ΅. Π‘Π°ΠΌ ΠΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠ±ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΈΡΠ²Π° Π½Π° ΠΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΡΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ½Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ Π·Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΡΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΡΡΠ·Π²ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡΡ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΠ°ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π²Π° Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠΏΡΡΡΡ. @illyrianometer