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THE GREAT MAN THEORY OF HISTORY All Great Men Studied History the Same Way — Here's How by ThinkingWest Thomas Carlyle’s Great Man Theory is a controversial historical lens that argues world history is merely the biography of a select few figures. From Julius Caesar and Alexander the Great to Napoleon and Shakespeare, elite figures use creative genius and willpower to shape civilization. Carlyle’s "top-down" history contrasts Herbert Spencer’s social history and Howard Zinn’s "history from below." But Great Man theory is more than just history --Machiavelli and Plutarch believed it could be used to achieve real world success. 01:15 Thomas Carlyle 02:23 What Makes a Hero? 04:38 6 Types of Heroes 05:37 Plutarch 06:20 Machiavelli 07:50 Social History 09:55 Lessons from Great Men