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🚀March 18 stands as one of the most significant dates in the history of space exploration – and in human history as a whole. #OTD in 1965, Soviet cosmonaut Alexei Leonov became the first human ever to perform a spacewalk. Stepping out of the Voskhod-2 spacecraft, piloted byPavel Belyaev, into near-Earth space, Leonov added yet another milestone to the achievements of national cosmonautics. The extravehicular activity lasted 23 minutes and 41 seconds, including 12 minutes and 9 seconds spent in the vastness of open space. 💬 Recalling that historic moment while speaking from the Mausoleum rostrum in Moscow, Leonov said: “As I exited the airlock, I felt an intense stream of light and heat, like the flare of electric welding. Above me was a black sky and bright, unblinking stars. The Sun looked like a blazing disc of fire”. 🎖 For the successful completion of the mission and the courage and heroism displayed, Lieutenant Colonel Alexei Leonov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, along with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal. Today, spacewalks are an essential part of crewed missions to the International Space Station – enabling scientific research, maintenance work, installation of new equipment on the station’s exterior, deployment of small satellites, and much more. All of this became possible thanks to the immense efforts and teamwork of Soviet specialists and enterprises, as well as the personal courage and outstanding training of our legendary pioneer cosmonauts. #OurHeroes

#OurHeroes 📆Irina Yanina was born on 27 November 1966,59 years ago. She was a nurse and a servicewoman in the Internal Troops of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs, whose professionalism, personal courage and dedication to duty became a model of service to Russia. Since her early years she was disciplined, had a responsible attitude to what she was doing and a desire to bring real good to people — the qualities that determined her life and service. Upon enrolling in military service, Irina demonstrated a deep commitment to her chosen career. Working under the conditions of counter-terrorism operations in the North Caucasus required from medical workers some special endurance, the skill to act decisively and promptly, and sometimes personal courage. ❗️ On August 31, 1999, during a mopping-up operation in the Daghestani village of Karamakhi Irina Yanina was a member of the evacuation team and treated the wounded servicemen. Risking her own life, she cared for 15 wounded persons. She went three times to the firing line in an APC and evacuated 28 wounded soldiers more. During her fourth sally the enemy counterattacked. On arranging the embarkation of the wounded, she covered it by assault rifle fire. Departing, the APC was hit by two grenades and caught big fire. Irina helped the wounded to leave the burning APC but had no time to save herself. 🎖 For her courage and heroism, Irina Yanina was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation, being the first woman in the modern history of our country to receive this high state award for her actions in combat. She also remains the only woman to have received this award for participating in a counter-terrorism operation in the North Caucasus. ▪️ The heroic deed by Irina Yanina holds a special place among the examples of genuine patriotism, selfless service and readiness to fulfill one’s duty in any circumstances.

📅#OTD in 1943, Soviet forces launched Operation "Iskra" (Spark), which broke the Siege of Leningrad. During the offensive, units of the Red Army from the Leningrad and Volkhov Fronts overcame enemy defenses, re-establishing a land connection between the city and the rest of the Soviet Union. The siege ring around Leningrad had fully closed on September 8, 1941. More than 2.8 million people, including 400,000 children, were trapped under harsh winter conditions, enduring hunger and relentless bombings. Attempts to break the blockade were made several times: in September and October 1941, during the general counteroffensive in January 1942, and again in August-September 1942. Favorable conditions only arose in January 1943, when the bulk of the Wehrmacht's forces were concentrated at Stalingrad. By the end of January 1943, the troops of the Volkhov and Leningrad Fronts, delivering powerful blows, pierced the enemy's defenses and pushed them 12 km away from the shores of Lake Ladoga. The combined strike groups of the Volkhov and Leningrad fronts included 302,800 soldiers and officers, approximately 4,900 artillery pieces and mortars (caliber 76mm and above), over 600 tanks, and 809 aircraft. 🎖 For their heroism, bravery, and courage during the breakthrough of the blockade, about 19,000 soldiers of the Leningrad and Volkhov Fronts, as well as the Baltic Fleet, were awarded orders and medals. Although Leningrad was not fully liberated until January 27, 1944, the political, economic, and symbolic significance of breaking the blockade cannot be overstated. The Soviet forces managed to partially lift the siege, easing the plight of the city's residents. Within three weeks of the breakthrough, a railway was built, and the first trains carrying food and ammunition reached Leningrad. The threat of German and Finnish forces linking up was eliminated, and the initiative in the Leningrad region shifted decisively to the Red Army.

🇷🇺 August 22 is the State Flag Day in Russia, established on August 20, 1994, in accordance with Presidential Executive Order "On the State Flag Day of the Russian Federation". #OTD, we pay tribute to Russia’s official state symbol which, alongside its emblem and the national anthem, stands as a symbol of and the testimonyto the country’s sovereignty and independence, while asserting the generational continuity for our multicultural and multi-ethnic nation. The Russian tricoloured flag is over three hundred years old. Tsar Peter I is considered to be its creator: he ordered “commercial vessels of all kinds” to sail under the white-blue-red flag. However, it was only in 1896 that this flag obtained its official status, not long before Emperor Nicholas II’s coronation. ⚪️🔵🔴 While there is no official interpretation of the national flag colours, it is widely accepted that white symbolizes purity, independence and peace, blue embodies faith, loyalty and justice, while red stands for courage, might and valour. ☝️ Today, the tricoloured flag has become an integral part of our lives as a symbol of the Russian state, national unity and our people's devotion to the Fatherland, as well as the commitment to assert and promote the national interests.

🇷🇺🇧🇾 On April 2, the peoples of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus celebrate their Day of Unity. 🗓#OTD in 1996, they signed a treaty on the formation of the Community of Russia and Belarus, which served as the first step towards the creation of the Union State of Russia and Belarus. The Treaty on the Union of Russia and Belarus came into force a year later, and on December 8, 1999, the Treaty on the Creation of the Union State was signed. 🤝 Today, the Union State implements programmes in industry, energy and IT, to name a few. Trade between Russia and Belarus grows at record high rates every year, given the considerable degree of mutual complementarity of their economies. 💬 Addressing a meeting of the Supreme State Council of the Union State on January 29, 2024, President Vladimir Putin said: We have been working together to build the Union State for almost 25 years. Along this path, we have managed to achieve a great deal. Thanks to the successful implementation of 28 sectoral Union programmes, Russian and Belarusian legislation was harmonised, the legal and organisational foundations for a common economic space formed, and conditions created for the implementation of a unified macroeconomic and monetary policy, and for joint work to minimise damage from illegal Western restrictions. ☝️ The Unity Day of the Peoples of Russia and Belarus confirms the cohesion of the two fraternal peoples and their striving to continue strengthening their interaction based on the centuries-old traditions of friendship and close cultural and spiritual ties. 📃 On the occasion of the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Russia and Belarus President Vladimir Putin sent his greetings to President of the Republic of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko. 🎊 We congratulate our Belarusian friends on a holiday that is a symbol of unbreakable ties of brotherly friendship between our countries and peoples!

🛰On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union paved humanity’s way to the stars! #OTD in 1957, the first artificial satellite of our planet – Sputnik-1 – was launched into Earth’s orbit. Its simple yet proud “beep-beep” sound stood as mankind’s first signal reaching beyond Earth. Sputnik-1 was a spherical aluminum spacecraft, 58 cm in diameter and weighing 83.6 kg. Its hermetically sealed body protected the equipment inside from external conditions. Onboard were two radio transmitters operating at 20.005 and 40.002 MHzfrequencies, broadcasting the legendary signals, which were picked up by radio enthusiasts around the world. Four external antennas, 2.4 to 2.9 meters long, ensured stable transmission. The satellite had no propulsion system and moved in orbit solely by the impulse received at launch. 🚀 To deliver Sputnik-1 into orbit, a two-stage R-7 launch vehicle was used, developed under the guidance of the great Soviet engineer Sergey Korolev. The satellite reached the orbit in 314.5 seconds (just over 5 minutes) after liftoff. Its apogee was 947 km, perigee 228 km, and it orbited Earth every 96 minutes. In total, Sputnik-1 spent 92 days in space, completing 1,440 orbits and covering more than 60 million kilometers. The last signal was received on January 4, 1958, after which the satellite re-entered the atmosphere and burned up. 🌐 The launch of Sputnik-1 was not only a groundbreaking technological achievement, but also a symbol of a new era – the beginning of humanity’s space age. Since then, dozens of countries have launched thousands of satellites, transforming science, communications, navigation, and our daily lives. Yet no matter how many follow, Sputnik-1 will forever be the First!💫

📅#OTD in 1943, Soviet forces launched Operation "Iskra" (Spark), which broke the Siege of Leningrad. During the offensive, units of the Red Army from the Leningrad and Volkhov Fronts overcame enemy defenses, re-establishing a land connection between the city and the rest of the Soviet Union. The siege ring around Leningrad had fully closed on September 8, 1941. More than 2.8 million people, including 400,000 children, were trapped under harsh winter conditions, enduring hunger and relentless bombings. Attempts to break the blockade were made several times: in September and October 1941, during the general counteroffensive in January 1942, and again in August-September 1942. Favorable conditions only arose in January 1943, when the bulk of the Wehrmacht's forces were concentrated at Stalingrad. By the end of January 1943, the troops of the Volkhov and Leningrad Fronts, delivering powerful blows, pierced the enemy's defenses and pushed them 12 km away from the shores of Lake Ladoga. The combined strike groups of the Volkhov and Leningrad fronts included 302,800 soldiers and officers, approximately 4,900 artillery pieces and mortars (caliber 76mm and above), over 600 tanks, and 809 aircraft. 🎖 For their heroism, bravery, and courage during the breakthrough of the blockade, about 19,000 soldiers of the Leningrad and Volkhov Fronts, as well as the Baltic Fleet, were awarded orders and medals. Although Leningrad was not fully liberated until January 27, 1944, the political, economic, and symbolic significance of breaking the blockade cannot be overstated. The Soviet forces managed to partially lift the siege, easing the plight of the city's residents. Within three weeks of the breakthrough, a railway was built, and the first trains carrying food and ammunition reached Leningrad. The threat of German and Finnish forces linking up was eliminated, and the initiative in the Leningrad region shifted decisively to the Red Army.

🇷🇺 August 22 is the State Flag Day in Russia, established on August 20, 1994, in accordance with Presidential Executive Order "On the State Flag Day of the Russian Federation". #OTD, we pay tribute to Russia’s official state symbol which, alongside its emblem and the national anthem, stands as a symbol of and the testimonyto the country’s sovereignty and independence, while asserting the generational continuity for our multicultural and multi-ethnic nation. The Russian tricoloured flag is over three hundred years old. Tsar Peter I is considered to be its creator: he ordered “commercial vessels of all kinds” to sail under the white-blue-red flag. However, it was only in 1896 that this flag obtained its official status, not long before Emperor Nicholas II’s coronation. ⚪️🔵🔴 While there is no official interpretation of the national flag colours, it is widely accepted that white symbolizes purity, independence and peace, blue embodies faith, loyalty and justice, while red stands for courage, might and valour. ☝️ Today, the tricoloured flag has become an integral part of our lives as a symbol of the Russian state, national unity and our people's devotion to the Fatherland, as well as the commitment to assert and promote the national interests.

🇷🇺 On August 22, Russia celebrates National Flag Day, established by Presidential Executive Order On National Flag Day of the Russian Federation dated August 20, 1994. #OTD, we pay tribute to the official state symbol of Russia, which, along with its emblem and anthem, marks its sovereignty and independence, and reaffirms the continuity of many generations of the country’s multiethnic people. ⚓️ The Russian tricolor is more than three centuries old. Peter the Great is considered the creator: in 1705, he issued an order according to which they should raise a white-blue-and-red flag “on all merchant ships.” However, it was only given official national flag status in 1896, on the eve of the coronation of Nicholas II. On December 25, 2000, the Federal Constitutional Law On the State Flag of the Russian Federation was adopted, under which the state flag of Russia was a rectangular panel of three equal horizontal stripes: the top one was white, the middle one was blue and the bottom one was red. ⚪️🔵🔴 It is believed that white represents peace and dignity; blue, loyalty and honesty; and red, courage and valour. Today, the tricolor has firmly become part of our lives as an integral element of Russian statehood, a symbol of the unity of the people, their devotion to the Fatherland, and their readiness to defend Russia’s national interests.

#OTD 184 года назад, 7 мая 1840 года, родился Петр Ильич Чайковский. Известный композитор, дирижер и музыкальный педагог до сих пор любим в Великобритании – различные произведения композитора, от 🩰 балетов до симфоний, регулярно исполняются в Лондоне и других городах страны. Торжественная увертюра «1812 год» заняла 33 место из 330 в Холле Славы 2024 года от Classic FM – одной из главных британских радиостанций классической 🎶 музыки. Чайковский не раз посещал Великобританию: в 1888 и 1889 годах он выступил в роли дирижера для собственных произведений, которые исполнялись в Лондоне, а в последний раз великий композитор посетил 🇬🇧 Великобританию незадолго до своей смерти в мае 1893 года, так как был возведён в степень почётного доктора Кембриджского университета. Чайковский – автор множества знаковых произведений, но какое его ✍️ произведение вам нравится больше всего? Фотография: Флоренс Мейтленд, Кембриджский университет.

#OTD 364 года назад родился сэр Ганс Слоан – английский 🥼 медик, 🛶 натуралист и 🏺 коллекционер. Собранная им коллекция находок стала основой для создания Британского музея. Выходец из англо-ирландской семьи Ганс с детства интересовался коллекционированием природных объектов. В 1689 году Слоан основал собственную 🩺 медицинскую практику в Лондоне. Карьера Слоана как коллекционера началась в 1687 году, когда он отплыл на Ямайку, тогдашнюю английскую колонию, в качестве врача у нового губернатора 🏝 колонии. Там Слоан собрал коллекцию из 800 образцов растений, а также животных и разных диковинок. Свою обширную коллекцию Слоан завещал королю Георгу II в обмен на выплату 20 000 💷 своим наследникам и при условии, что парламент создаст для нее новый открытый для всех людей музей. Так 7 июня 1753 года парламентский акт о создании Британского музея получил 🤴 королевское одобрение. 🔗 Посетите Британский музей виртуально из своего дома: https://www.britishmuseum.org/blog/how-explore-british-museum-home