The World Was Stunned: How Gold Let Ancient Africans Build a Nation from Scratch
[ History ]
🌍 Today, all nations are built in the European image: laws, parliaments, courts, armies, and police — mainly in the French or English style (some have the Portuguese version, but we pity them). It might seem that the very concept of a state is inherently European. And, in today’s Africa, that’s largely true.
⏱ But a thousand years ago, near Limpopo, there existed a unique and original state whose complete isolation from Europe and Asia suggests a true birth of a nation from scratch—without outside influence or financial support from parents.
The kingdom was called Mapungubwe. It emerged in the 11th century from a local tribe that, within just a few decades, subjugated its neighbors, established a complex hierarchy, and built a stone capital for thousands of people.
At the heart of its rise was gold—just as usually, it was exported. Selling gold through eastern neighbors to Asia created inequality and gave rise to a king and an elite. The same gold wealth allowed rulers to use a "divide and conquer"strategy to control neighboring tribes.
⛔️ As legendary ancient states usually do, Mapungubwe mysteriously vanished after about 200 years. All that remains is a hill where the capital once stood—and this golden rhino, discovered by scientists in 1932.
#History
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[ read more here ]
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📌चन्द्रगुप्त विक्रमादित्य के अभिलेख #History
✍️ मथुरा स्तम्भ लेख — यह चन्द्रगुप्त द्वितीय का पहला अभिलेख है।
✍️ उदयगिरी गुहालेख — यह उदयगिरी का पहला गुहालेख है। इसे कनिंघम ने खोजा था।
✍️ साँची लेख — यह चन्द्रगुप्त द्वितीय के सेनापति आम्रकार्द्धव का है जोकि बौद्ध था और सुकुली क्षेत्र के निवासी उनदान का पुत्र था।
✍️ मेहरौली लौह स्तम्भलेख — सर्वप्रथम जेम्स प्रिंसेप ने इस लेख को प्रकाशित किया था। वर्तमान में यह दिल्ली के मेहरौली में कुतुबमीनार के पास है।
✍️ गढ़वा लेख — गुप्त संवत में चन्द्रगुप्त द्वितीय ने निर्गत किया था। इसमें चन्द्रगुप्त का नाम तो नहीं दिया गया है परन्तु उसकी उपाधियाँ परमभागवत एवं महाराजधिराज दी गयी हैं।
📌Inscriptions of Chandragupta Vikramaditya
✍️ Mathura Pillar Inscription — This is the first inscription of Chandragupta II.
✍️ Udaigiri cave inscriptions — This is the first inscription of Udaigiri. It was discovered by Cunningham.
✍️ Sanchi Inscription — It belongs to Amrakardhava, the commander of Chandragupta II, who was a Buddhist and was the son of Undan, a resident of the Sukuli region.
✍️ Mehrauli Iron Pillar — This inscription was first published by James Prinsep. Presently it is near Qutub Minar in Mehrauli, Delhi.
✍️ Garhwa Inscription — Chandragupta II issued in the Gupta era. In this, the name of Chandragupta is not given, but his titles have been given as Param Bhagwat and Maharajadhiraj.
📌शिलालेख – लघु शिलालेख में अशोक के व्यक्तिगत जीवन की जानकारी मिलती है #History
🚀लघु शिलालेख — 📍स्थान
🪴 रुपनाथ — मध्य प्रदेश के जबलपुर जिला
🪴 गुर्जरा — म.प्र. के दतियां जिले में
🪴 सहसाराम — बिहार के शाहाबाद जिले में
🪴 भाब्रू या बैराट — जयपुर जिले में (राजस्थान)
🪴 मास्की — कर्नाटक के रायचूर जिले में
🪴 ब्रह्मगिरी — मैसूर के चित्रदुर्ग जिले में
🪴 सिध्दपुर — कर्नाटक में
🪴 जटिंगरामेश्वर — कर्नाटक में
🪴 एर्रगुडी — आंध्र प्रदेश के कर्नूल जिले में
🪴 गोविमठ — मैसूर के कोपबल में
🪴 पालकिगुण्डु — कर्नाटक
🪴 राजुलमण्डगिरी — आंध्र प्रदेश के कर्नूल जिले में
🪴 अहरौरा — उ.प्र. के मिर्जापुर जिले में
🪴 सारोमारो — शहडौल, मध्य प्रदेश
🪴 नेत्तूर — मैसूर
🪴 उडेगोलन — बेल्लारी, कर्नाटक
🪴 पनगुडरिया — सिहोर, मध्य प्रदेश
🪴 सन्नाती — गुलबर्गा, कर्नाटक
📌Inscriptions - Minor Rock edicts provide information about Ashoka's personal life.
🚀Minor Rock Edict — 📍Location
🪴 Rupnatha — Jabalpur district of Madhya Pradesh
🪴 Gurjara — Datiya Districto of M.P.
🪴 Sahasram — In shahabad district of Bihar
🪴 Bhabru or bairat — In Jaipur district (Rajasthan)
🪴 Maski — In Raichur district of Karnataka
🪴 Brahmagiri — In Chitraduraga districto of Mysore
🪴 Siddhpur — Karnataka
🪴 Jatingrameshwar — Karnataka
🪴 Erragudi — Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh
🪴 Govimatha — Kopbal in Mysore
🪴 Palkigundu — Karnataka
🪴 Rajulmandagiri — Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh
🪴 Ahraura — Mirzapur district of U.P. scsgyan
🪴 Saromaro — Shahdol,M.P.
🪴 Nettur — Mysore
🪴 Udegolan — Bellary, Karnataka
🪴 Pangudaria — Sihor, Madhya Pradesh
🪴 Sannati — Gulbarga, Karnataka