#HistoryOfDiplomacy
📜 They say diplomacy has been a male-only profession. While in reality women have had a major role in foreign policy throughout history. In fact, diplomacy acquired a female dimension as early as in the 10th century when Princess Olga established ties with the Byzantine Empire. In the 18th century, for almost half a century, during the reigns of Elizabeth (Yelizaveta) Petrovna, Anna of Russia (Anna Ioannovna), and Cathrine the Great, women largely defined Russia’s foreign policy. They performed their diplomatic duties by corresponding not only with foreign monarchs, but also with the leading thinkers of their time.
However, diplomatic service remained mostly dominated by men for quite a long time with very few women in official diplomatic roles until the 20th century. In this context, the story of our country’s first female ambassador, Alexandra #Kollontai, has special significance, and was also revolutionary.
📅 Born on March 31, 1872, Alexandra Kollontai benefited from homeschooling and was brilliantly educated. She became fluent in French, German, English and Finnish, and since a young age took a keen interest in social and political matters, with Nikolay Chernyshevsky, Alexander Herzen and Western socialists among her favourite authors.
Already a prominent member of the revolutionary movement, after the 1917 October Revolution, Alexandra Kollontai was appointed the People's Commissar for Welfare of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic to become the world’s first female minister.
☝️ Kollontai was proactive in fighting for women’s rights and championed their economic empowerment, access to education and marital equality. It is thanks to her that expecting mothers obtained a leave from work during pregnancy and childbirth. She also was the one who initiated the effort to create a network of nurseries and kindergartens.
In 1922, Alexander Kollontai was appointed Soviet Minister Plenipotentiary to Norway, which created an international sensation. Before that, not a single European country offered a woman the possibility to have a high diplomatic rank of this kind. During her assignment to Norway, Alexandra Kollontai succeeded in securing the recognition of the Soviet state by Norway. It is on her watch that the two countries signed a trade agreement and organised the delivery of 400,000 tonnes of Norwegian herring to the USSR.
Kollontai continued her successful diplomatic career in Sweden where she served as USSR’s Plenipotentiary Ambassador and Envoy from 1930 to 1945, and helped improve the USSR’s relations with Sweden.
❗️ It was in September 1944 that Kollontai, already 72 years old, received a mission to make Finland withdraw from the war. She was to play one of the key roles during the talks. On September 19, 1944, Finland signed the Moscow Truce with the Soviet Union after cancelling its alliance with Germany and agreeing to a series of territorial concessions.
💬 Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrovmade the following statement on this stage in her career during the ceremony to unveil Alexandra Kollontai’s memorial plaque:
One of the real achievements of this remarkable woman was that she took part in negotiations that led to Finland’s withdrawal from the war in 1944, which helped free up troops and send them to other fronts, saving lives of many Soviet soldiers.
As a diplomat, Alexandra Kollontai focused on understanding people and their motives instead of just living by the protocol. She stood out for her humane attitude and flexibility, and the ability to find compromises even in the tensest situations.
Alexandra Kollontai has proven that women can succeed as diplomats even in a conservative international environment. She came to symbolise the way the social status of women evolved in the world, and inspired many generations of women to become diplomats.
#HistoryOfDiplomacy
📜 They say diplomacy has been a male-only profession. While in reality women have had a major role in foreign policy throughout history. In fact, diplomacy acquired a female dimension as early as in the 10th century when Princess Olga established ties with the Byzantine Empire. In the 18th century, for almost half a century, during the reigns of Elizabeth (Yelizaveta) Petrovna, Anna of Russia (Anna Ioannovna), and Cathrine the Great, women largely defined Russia’s foreign policy. They performed their diplomatic duties by corresponding not only with foreign monarchs, but also with the leading thinkers of their time.
However, diplomatic service remained mostly dominated by men for quite a long time with very few women in official diplomatic roles until the 20th century. In this context, the story of our country’s first female ambassador, Alexandra #Kollontai, has special significance, and was also revolutionary.
📅 Born on March 31, 1872, Alexandra Kollontai benefited from homeschooling and was brilliantly educated. She became fluent in French, German, English and Finnish, and since a young age took a keen interest in social and political matters, with Nikolay Chernyshevsky, Alexander Herzen and Western socialists among her favourite authors.
Already a prominent member of the revolutionary movement, after the 1917 October Revolution, Alexandra Kollontai was appointed the People's Commissar for Welfare of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic to become the world’s first female minister.
☝️ Kollontai was proactive in fighting for women’s rights and championed their economic empowerment, access to education and marital equality. It is thanks to her that expecting mothers obtained a leave from work during pregnancy and childbirth. She also was the one who initiated the effort to create a network of nurseries and kindergartens.
In 1922, Alexander Kollontai was appointed Soviet Minister Plenipotentiary to Norway, which created an international sensation. Before that, not a single European country offered a woman the possibility to have a high diplomatic rank of this kind. During her assignment to Norway, Alexandra Kollontai succeeded in securing the recognition of the Soviet state by Norway. It is on her watch that the two countries signed a trade agreement and organised the delivery of 400,000 tonnes of Norwegian herring to the USSR.
Kollontai continued her successful diplomatic career in Sweden where she served as USSR’s Plenipotentiary Ambassador and Envoy from 1930 to 1945, and helped improve the USSR’s relations with Sweden.
❗️ It was in September 1944 that Kollontai, already 72 years old, received a mission to make Finland withdraw from the war. She was to play one of the key roles during the talks. On September 19, 1944, Finland signed the Moscow Truce with the Soviet Union after cancelling its alliance with Germany and agreeing to a series of territorial concessions.
💬 Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrovmade the following statement on this stage in her career during the ceremony to unveil Alexandra Kollontai’s memorial plaque:
One of the real achievements of this remarkable woman was that she took part in negotiations that led to Finland’s withdrawal from the war in 1944, which helped free up troops and send them to other fronts, saving lives of many Soviet soldiers.
As a diplomat, Alexandra Kollontai focused on understanding people and their motives instead of just living by the protocol. She stood out for her humane attitude and flexibility, and the ability to find compromises even in the tensest situations.
Alexandra Kollontai has proven that women can succeed as diplomats even in a conservative international environment. She came to symbolise the way the social status of women evolved in the world, and inspired many generations of women to become diplomats.
#HistoryOfDiplomacy
📜 They say diplomacy has been a male-only profession. While in reality women have had a major role in foreign policy throughout history. In fact, diplomacy acquired a female dimension as early as in the 10th century when Princess Olga established ties with the Byzantine Empire. In the 18th century, for almost half a century, during the reigns of Elizabeth (Yelizaveta) Petrovna, Anna of Russia (Anna Ioannovna), and Cathrine the Great, women largely defined Russia’s foreign policy. They performed their diplomatic duties by corresponding not only with foreign monarchs, but also with the leading thinkers of their time.
However, diplomatic service remained mostly dominated by men for quite a long time with very few women in official diplomatic roles until the 20th century. In this context, the story of our country’s first female ambassador, Alexandra #Kollontai, has special significance, and was also revolutionary.
📅 Born on March 31, 1872, Alexandra Kollontai benefited from homeschooling and was brilliantly educated. She became fluent in French, German, English and Finnish, and since a young age took a keen interest in social and political matters, with Nikolay Chernyshevsky, Alexander Herzen and Western socialists among her favourite authors.
Already a prominent member of the revolutionary movement, after the 1917 October Revolution, Alexandra Kollontai was appointed the People's Commissar for Welfare of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic to become the world’s first female minister.
☝️ Kollontai was proactive in fighting for women’s rights and championed their economic empowerment, access to education and marital equality. It is thanks to her that expecting mothers obtained a leave from work during pregnancy and childbirth. She also was the one who initiated the effort to create a network of nurseries and kindergartens.
In 1922, Alexander Kollontai was appointed Soviet Minister Plenipotentiary to Norway, which created an international sensation. Before that, not a single European country offered a woman the possibility to have a high diplomatic rank of this kind. During her assignment to Norway, Alexandra Kollontai succeeded in securing the recognition of the Soviet state by Norway. It is on her watch that the two countries signed a trade agreement and organised the delivery of 400,000 tonnes of Norwegian herring to the USSR.
Kollontai continued her successful diplomatic career in Sweden where she served as USSR’s Plenipotentiary Ambassador and Envoy from 1930 to 1945, and helped improve the USSR’s relations with Sweden.
❗️ It was in September 1944 that Kollontai, already 72 years old, received a mission to make Finland withdraw from the war. She was to play one of the key roles during the talks. On September 19, 1944, Finland signed the Moscow Truce with the Soviet Union after cancelling its alliance with Germany and agreeing to a series of territorial concessions.
💬 Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrovmade the following statement on this stage in her career during the ceremony to unveil Alexandra Kollontai’s memorial plaque:
One of the real achievements of this remarkable woman was that she took part in negotiations that led to Finland’s withdrawal from the war in 1944, which helped free up troops and send them to other fronts, saving lives of many Soviet soldiers.
As a diplomat, Alexandra Kollontai focused on understanding people and their motives instead of just living by the protocol. She stood out for her humane attitude and flexibility, and the ability to find compromises even in the tensest situations.
Alexandra Kollontai has proven that women can succeed as diplomats even in a conservative international environment. She came to symbolise the way the social status of women evolved in the world, and inspired many generations of women to become diplomats.
#HistoryOfDiplomacy
📜 They say diplomacy has been a male-only profession. While in reality women have had a major role in foreign policy throughout history. In fact, diplomacy acquired a female dimension as early as in the 10th century when Princess Olga established ties with the Byzantine Empire. In the 18th century, for almost half a century, during the reigns of Elizabeth (Yelizaveta) Petrovna, Anna of Russia (Anna Ioannovna), and Cathrine the Great, women largely defined Russia’s foreign policy. They performed their diplomatic duties by corresponding not only with foreign monarchs, but also with the leading thinkers of their time.
However, diplomatic service remained mostly dominated by men for quite a long time with very few women in official diplomatic roles until the 20th century. In this context, the story of our country’s first female ambassador, Alexandra #Kollontai, has special significance, and was also revolutionary.
📅 Born on March 31, 1872, Alexandra Kollontai benefited from homeschooling and was brilliantly educated. She became fluent in French, German, English and Finnish, and since a young age took a keen interest in social and political matters, with Nikolay Chernyshevsky, Alexander Herzen and Western socialists among her favourite authors.
Already a prominent member of the revolutionary movement, after the 1917 October Revolution, Alexandra Kollontai was appointed the People's Commissar for Welfare of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic to become the world’s first female minister.
☝️ Kollontai was proactive in fighting for women’s rights and championed their economic empowerment, access to education and marital equality. It is thanks to her that expecting mothers obtained a leave from work during pregnancy and childbirth. She also was the one who initiated the effort to create a network of nurseries and kindergartens.
In 1922, Alexander Kollontai was appointed Soviet Minister Plenipotentiary to Norway, which created an international sensation. Before that, not a single European country offered a woman the possibility to have a high diplomatic rank of this kind. During her assignment to Norway, Alexandra Kollontai succeeded in securing the recognition of the Soviet state by Norway. It is on her watch that the two countries signed a trade agreement and organised the delivery of 400,000 tonnes of Norwegian herring to the USSR.
Kollontai continued her successful diplomatic career in Sweden where she served as USSR’s Plenipotentiary Ambassador and Envoy from 1930 to 1945, and helped improve the USSR’s relations with Sweden.
❗️ It was in September 1944 that Kollontai, already 72 years old, received a mission to make Finland withdraw from the war. She was to play one of the key roles during the talks. On September 19, 1944, Finland signed the Moscow Truce with the Soviet Union after cancelling its alliance with Germany and agreeing to a series of territorial concessions.
💬 Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrovmade the following statement on this stage in her career during the ceremony to unveil Alexandra Kollontai’s memorial plaque:
One of the real achievements of this remarkable woman was that she took part in negotiations that led to Finland’s withdrawal from the war in 1944, which helped free up troops and send them to other fronts, saving lives of many Soviet soldiers.
As a diplomat, Alexandra Kollontai focused on understanding people and their motives instead of just living by the protocol. She stood out for her humane attitude and flexibility, and the ability to find compromises even in the tensest situations.
Alexandra Kollontai has proven that women can succeed as diplomats even in a conservative international environment. She came to symbolise the way the social status of women evolved in the world, and inspired many generations of women to become diplomats.
#HistoryOfDiplomacy
📜 They say diplomacy has been a male-only profession. While in reality women have had a major role in foreign policy throughout history. In fact, diplomacy acquired a female dimension as early as in the 10th century when Princess Olga established ties with the Byzantine Empire. In the 18th century, for almost half a century, during the reigns of Elizabeth (Yelizaveta) Petrovna, Anna of Russia (Anna Ioannovna), and Cathrine the Great, women largely defined Russia’s foreign policy. They performed their diplomatic duties by corresponding not only with foreign monarchs, but also with the leading thinkers of their time.
However, diplomatic service remained mostly dominated by men for quite a long time with very few women in official diplomatic roles until the 20th century. In this context, the story of our country’s first female ambassador, Alexandra #Kollontai, has special significance, and was also revolutionary.
📅 Born on March 31, 1872, Alexandra Kollontai benefited from homeschooling and was brilliantly educated. She became fluent in French, German, English and Finnish, and since a young age took a keen interest in social and political matters, with Nikolay Chernyshevsky, Alexander Herzen and Western socialists among her favourite authors.
Already a prominent member of the revolutionary movement, after the 1917 October Revolution, Alexandra Kollontai was appointed the People's Commissar for Welfare of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic to become the world’s first female minister.
☝️ Kollontai was proactive in fighting for women’s rights and championed their economic empowerment, access to education and marital equality. It is thanks to her that expecting mothers obtained a leave from work during pregnancy and childbirth. She also was the one who initiated the effort to create a network of nurseries and kindergartens.
In 1922, Alexander Kollontai was appointed Soviet Minister Plenipotentiary to Norway, which created an international sensation. Before that, not a single European country offered a woman the possibility to have a high diplomatic rank of this kind. During her assignment to Norway, Alexandra Kollontai succeeded in securing the recognition of the Soviet state by Norway. It is on her watch that the two countries signed a trade agreement and organised the delivery of 400,000 tonnes of Norwegian herring to the USSR.
Kollontai continued her successful diplomatic career in Sweden where she served as USSR’s Plenipotentiary Ambassador and Envoy from 1930 to 1945, and helped improve the USSR’s relations with Sweden.
❗️ It was in September 1944 that Kollontai, already 72 years old, received a mission to make Finland withdraw from the war. She was to play one of the key roles during the talks. On September 19, 1944, Finland signed the Moscow Truce with the Soviet Union after cancelling its alliance with Germany and agreeing to a series of territorial concessions.
💬 Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrovmade the following statement on this stage in her career during the ceremony to unveil Alexandra Kollontai’s memorial plaque:
One of the real achievements of this remarkable woman was that she took part in negotiations that led to Finland’s withdrawal from the war in 1944, which helped free up troops and send them to other fronts, saving lives of many Soviet soldiers.
As a diplomat, Alexandra Kollontai focused on understanding people and their motives instead of just living by the protocol. She stood out for her humane attitude and flexibility, and the ability to find compromises even in the tensest situations.
Alexandra Kollontai has proven that women can succeed as diplomats even in a conservative international environment. She came to symbolise the way the social status of women evolved in the world, and inspired many generations of women to become diplomats.
#HistoryOfDiplomacy
📆 On July 14, 1700, a peace treaty was signed in Constantinople between Russia and the Ottoman Empire, known as the Treaty of Constantinople.
The agreement marked the end of the gruelling Russo-Turkish War of 1686–1700, which began after Russia joined the Holy League – a defensive alliance of Austria, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and Venice against the Ottomans.
⚔️During the war, Russia launched the Crimean (1687, 1689) and the Azov (1695–1696) campaigns. The capture of Azov was a landmark victory and Russia’s first major success achieved by its regular army and navy, with Peter the Great personally leading the effort. This victory also secured Ottoman neutrality in the early years of the Great Northern War.
With war against Sweden looming, and with other European powers making peace with the Ottomans at the Congress of Karlowitz (1698–1699), Russia sent diplomats to Constantinople in August 1699 to negotiate. Notably, the embassy travelled by warship instead of land – a first in Russian diplomacy and a clear sign of Russia’s rise as a maritime power.
The treaty granted Russia control of Azov, its surrounding lands, and the fortresses of Taganrog, Pavlovsk, and Mius. The Ottomans also agreed to release Russian prisoners of war and recognise Russia’s right to maintain diplomatic representation in Constantinople on equal terms with other powers.
❗️The Treaty of Constantinople was a strategic triumph, securing Russia’s access to the Sea of Azov.
#HistoryOfDiplomacy
📅 March 31, 1872, is the birthday of Alexandra Kollontai, a brilliant statesperson and the first female ambassador in our country (2nd in world history).
Alexandra Kollontai was born into a wealthy noble family. Her father, Mikhail Kollontai, was Major General of the General Headquarters of the Russian Army. Alexandra received extraordinary home schooling and was fluent in French, German, English and Finnish since childhood. She became passionate about social and political issues at a young age, eagerly reading works by Nikolay Chernyshevsky, Alexander Herzen and Western socialists.
After the October Revolution in 1917, by then prominent revolutionary Alexandra Kollontai was appointed People’s Commissar for Social Welfare of the RSFSR, and became the world’s first female cabinet minister.
☝️ Kollontai was a champion of women’s rights, advocating for women’s economic independence, access to education for women, and equality in marriage. Her activism resulted in pregnant women and mothers becoming entitled to maternity leave from work, and the launch of daycare facilities.
Alexandra Kollontai’s appointment as the Minister Plenipotentiary of Soviet Russia to Norway in 1922 became an international sensation. No other European country had previously given a woman an opportunity to hold such a high diplomatic post. While serving in Norway, Alexandra Kollontai secured recognition of the Soviet state by Oslo. The Soviet Union and Norway signed a trade agreement and organised supply of 400,000 tonnes of Norwegian herring to the USSR. Kollontai’s successful diplomatic career continued in Sweden. As a Soviet Minister Plenipotentiary, she facilitated the improvement of USSR-Sweden relations in 1930-1945.
❗️ In September 1944, at the age of 72, Kollontai received an assignment to ensure that Finland withdraw from the war. Alexandra Kollontai was to play a key role in the talks. The Soviet diplomat’s professional competence and personal contacts led to Finland closing the Moscow Armistice with the Soviet Union on September 19, 1944. Finland broke off its alliance with Germany.
Alexandra Kollontai’s diplomatic strategies were guided by deep understanding of people and their motives rather than strict protocols. She was known for her humanism, flexibility and ability to reach compromise even in highly tense situations. Thanks to her talent of persuasion and ability to find common ground with people of all walks of life, she succeeded in changing the Western world’s view of the Soviet Union, and in showcasing the achievements of the new Soviet society.
Alexandra Kollontai was a testament to the fact that a woman can be a successful diplomat even in a conservative international environment. She symbolised the change in women’s social status around the world, and became a role model for many future female diplomats.
#HistoryofDiplomacy
2️⃣5️⃣1️⃣ years ago, on July 21, 1774, the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca was signed. It became one of Russia’s most significant diplomatic successes of the time.
⚔️ The document marked the end of the six-yearRusso-Turkish War (1768–1774) an enshrined substantial territorial gains for Russia.
Prior to the peace agreement, Russian diplomats engaged in peace talks with representatives of the Ottoman Empire at international congresses in Focșani (1772) and Bucharest (1772-1773). Additionally, the Karasubazar Tractate was signed between the Russian Empire and the Crimean Khanate in 1772, declaring Crimea independent from the Ottoman Empire and coming under Russian protection.
However, peace was achieved after the Ottoman army had been defeated by the Russian army in several battles in June and July 1774, notably the Battle of Kozludzha. Final negotiations took place from July 16 to the evening of July 21 in the Russian military camp in the Bulgarian village of Küçük Kaynarca under the guidance and supervision of Count Pyotr Rumyantsev.
❗️The Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca was a significant milestone Crimea becoming part of Russia. According to the document, the Crimean Peninsula and adjacent territories including Taman and Kuban lands were declared “free and completely independent from any foreign authority.”
Russia gained Azov, Kerch, Yenikale, and Kinburn with territories between the Bug and Dniester rivers, as well as Greater and Lesser Kabarda. Moldavia and Wallachia came under Russia’s protectorate.
Russian merchant ships were granted the right of free passage through the Bosphorus and Dardanelles straits. Additionally, the Ottoman Empire committed to paying Russia 7.5 million piastres (4 million roubles) as war reparations.
☦️ The Russian Orthodox Church obtained the right to build a church in Constantinople and to protect fellow believers in the Ottoman Empire.
☝️ The Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca of 1774 was a turning point in the history of Russia and Crimea. It laid the groundwork for Crimea’s liberation from Ottoman influence and its subsequent accession to Russia in 1783. The treaty confirmed Russia’s status as a great power and opened new opportunities for its economic development.
#HistoryOfDiplomacy#DiplomatsDay
🌐Ahead of Russia's Diplomatic Workers’ Day, a new section dedicated to the history of Russian diplomacy has been launched on the MFA Russia website.
Russia's Foreign Ministry continues its efforts to preserve the memory and legacy of the heads of Russia’s foreign service.
The in-depth historical overview covers the key milestones and guiding principles that have shaped – and continue to shape – Russian foreign policy, as well as historical figures who guided its evolution. This is not merely a history of negotiations, but a reflection of Russia’s millennia-long path as an independent and distinct civilization
By preserving its traditions, Russia’s diplomatic service consistently explains Russia’s stance on the international stage, counters the West’s aggressive campaign and contributes to forming an objective picture of the world.
The publication of such materials holds a special importance today, when the countries of the so-called “collective West” are using every possible means to downplay the contribution of Russian diplomats to the geopolitical transformation of the world. Achievements are rewritten, outcomes and key facts distorted – all for short-term gain.
❗️We proudly remember our history. And we will continue to stand up for the truth.
👉We invite everyone to explore the history of Russian diplomacy in greater detail.
#HistoryOfDiplomacy#DiplomatsDay
🌐Ahead of Russia's Diplomatic Workers’ Day, a new section dedicated to the history of Russian diplomacy has been launched on the MFA Russia website.
Russia's Foreign Ministry continues its efforts to preserve the memory and legacy of the heads of Russia’s foreign service.
The in-depth historical overview covers the key milestones and guiding principles that have shaped – and continue to shape – Russian foreign policy, as well as historical figures who guided its evolution. This is not merely a history of negotiations, but a reflection of Russia’s millennia-long path as an independent and distinct civilization
By preserving its traditions, Russia’s diplomatic service consistently explains Russia’s stance on the international stage, counters the West’s aggressive campaign and contributes to forming an objective picture of the world.
The publication of such materials holds a special importance today, when the countries of the so-called “collective West” are using every possible means to downplay the contribution of Russian diplomats to the geopolitical transformation of the world. Achievements are rewritten, outcomes and key facts distorted – all for short-term gain.
❗️We proudly remember our history. And we will continue to stand up for the truth.
👉We invite everyone to explore the history of Russian diplomacy in greater detail.
#HistoryOfDiplomacy#DiplomatsDay
🌐Ahead of Russia's Diplomatic Workers’ Day, a new section dedicated to the history of Russian diplomacy has been launched on the MFA Russia website.
Russia's Foreign Ministry continues its efforts to preserve the memory and legacy of the heads of Russia’s foreign service.
The in-depth historical overview covers the key milestones and guiding principles that have shaped – and continue to shape – Russian foreign policy, as well as historical figures who guided its evolution. This is not merely a history of negotiations, but a reflection of Russia’s millennia-long path as an independent and distinct civilization
By preserving its traditions, Russia’s diplomatic service consistently explains Russia’s stance on the international stage, counters the West’s aggressive campaign and contributes to forming an objective picture of the world.
The publication of such materials holds a special importance today, when the countries of the so-called “collective West” are using every possible means to downplay the contribution of Russian diplomats to the geopolitical transformation of the world. Achievements are rewritten, outcomes and key facts distorted – all for short-term gain.
❗️We proudly remember our history. And we will continue to stand up for the truth.
👉We invite everyone to explore the history of Russian diplomacy in greater detail.
#HistoryOfDiplomacy#DiplomatsDay
🌐Ahead of Russia's Diplomatic Workers’ Day, a new section dedicated to the history of Russian diplomacy has been launched on the MFA Russia website.
Russia's Foreign Ministry continues its efforts to preserve the memory and legacy of the heads of Russia’s foreign service.
The in-depth historical overview covers the key milestones and guiding principles that have shaped – and continue to shape – Russian foreign policy, as well as historical figures who guided its evolution. This is not merely a history of negotiations, but a reflection of Russia’s millennia-long path as an independent and distinct civilization
By preserving its traditions, Russia’s diplomatic service consistently explains Russia’s stance on the international stage, counters the West’s aggressive campaign and contributes to forming an objective picture of the world.
The publication of such materials holds a special importance today, when the countries of the so-called “collective West” are using every possible means to downplay the contribution of Russian diplomats to the geopolitical transformation of the world. Achievements are rewritten, outcomes and key facts distorted – all for short-term gain.
❗️We proudly remember our history. And we will continue to stand up for the truth.
👉We invite everyone to explore the history of Russian diplomacy in greater detail.
🇺🇳#OTD in 1945, a conference at which the United Nations was established and its Charter approved started in San Francisco. It was attended by 850 delegates from 50 states.
The idea to create an efficient universal security organisation emerged at the early stages of World War II. Its discussion intensified in 1943 against the backdrop of the Red Army’s victories over the Nazis near Stalingrad and on the Kursk Bulge.
The leading members of the anti-Hitler coalition drafted the foundations and structure of the future UN. The final decision to convene a conference in San Francisco was made at the Yalta meeting of the heads of the Big Three (the USSR, the US and Great Britain).
✍️ Proceeding from the proposals formulated at the Dumbarton Oaks conference in 1944, the delegates agreed on procedural matters and endorsed the main bodies of the UN and the principles of their operation. They also discussed the formation of the General Assembly, the Security Council, the International Court and the UN Secretariat.
The Soviet delegation took a most active part in the work of the conference. It was first headed by People’s Commissar of Foreign Affairs Vyacheslav Molotov and later by Soviet Ambassador to the US Andrey Gromyko. Here are the key achievements of Soviet diplomacy in San Francisco:
✔️ Inclusion into the UN Charter of the provisions on the need to settle and resolve international disputes by peaceful means;
✔️ The sealing in the Charter of the Security Council voting procedure that was agreed upon at the Yalta conference;
✔️ The inclusion of the Byelorussian and Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republics into the UN founding fathers.
☝️ The conference in San Francisco demonstrated the unity of the international community after the hard trials of World War II. The decisions adopted at that time laid a foundation for the postwar world order and created an effective mechanism for mutual international deterrence, which has allowed the world to avoid global conflicts for many decades.
#HistoryOfDiplomacy