Функция sub в regex может принимать функцию в качестве аргумента repl.
📄 Из документации:
If repl is a function, it is called for every non-overlapping occurrence of pattern. The function takes a single match object argument, and returns the replacement string.
То есть для каждого совпадения будет вызвана функция для вычисления замены вместо замены на одну и ту же строку для всех совпадений.
Иными словами, для замены разных совпадений на разные строки не потребуется запускать re.sub() много раз для каждой строки замены. Достаточно определить функцию, которая вернёт строку для каждого из совпадений.
Описание слишком запутанное🤔, давайте лучше рассмотрим на простом примере:
Создаем карту замены. То есть какие строки на какие требуется менять.
remap = {
'раз': '1',
'два': '2',
'три': '3',
'четыре': '4',
'пять': '5',
}
Пишем функцию поиска строки для замены. Единственным аргументом будет объект re.Match.
Используя данные этого объекта мы вычисляем замену on-the-fly!
def get_str(match: re.Match):
word = match.group(1)
return remap.get(word.lower()) or word
Пример текста.
text = '''Раз Два Три Четыре Пять
Вместе будем мы считать
Пять Четыре Три Два Раз
Мы считать научим вас
'''
Теперь запускаем re.sub и вместо строки замены (repl) подаём имя функции.
(Данный паттерн ищет отдельные слова в тексте)
>>> print(re.sub(r'(\w+)', get_str, text))
1 2 3 4 5
Вместе будем мы считать
5 4 3 2 1
Мы считать научим вас
Думаю, достаточно наглядно 🤓
#libs#regex
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📚First Conditional (Simple & Clear)
We use the first conditional to talk about real or possible situations in the present or future and their results.
🧩 Structure:
If + present simple, will + base verb
✅ If I pay attention in class, I will understand everything.
➡️ Real situation → real result.
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👋 Learn how to use the present simple. Look at the images and complete the gap:
We _______ to school on Saturdays.
a. does not go
b. not go
c. don’t go
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Mastering Prepositions of Time: IN, ON, AT! ⏰
Do you ever get confused about which preposition to use when talking about time? You're not alone! Here is a quick cheat sheet to help you remember:
🎯 AT – for specific times (e.g., mealtimes, clock times, night, the weekend)
📅ON – for days and dates (e.g., Saturday, the 8th of September)
⏳IN – for longer periods (e.g., months, seasons, years, the morning)
Check out the infographic above for more examples!
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Difference Between “drop out” and “be dropped out”
Many people make this mistake:
❌ I was dropped out
This sentence is grammatically incorrect.
The correct structure is:
✅ I dropped out.
Meaning: I voluntarily left or withdrew from school/university.
Why “was dropped out” is wrong
“Drop out” is an intransitive verb.
It does not take an object, so it cannot be used in the passive voice.
❌ You cannot say:
I was dropped out of university.
Because dropping out is something you do yourself.
Correct Usage
If it was your decision:
I dropped out of university.
If it wasn’t your decision:
Use other verbs to express that:
I was expelled from university.
I was forced to leave university.
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Do you know how and when to use ‘in’, ‘on’ and ‘at’ to talk about time? ⏰
We normally use:
at – for specific times, such as mealtimes and clock times
on – with days and dates
in – for longer periods of time, such as months, seasons and years.
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