Мы уже знаем, что на текущую сессию интерпретатора изменение PYTHONPATH никак не повлияет. Но если вы запустите дочерний процесс, то он унаследует окружение текущего процесса, а значит и изменения в любых переменных будут на него влиять.
Вот небольшой пример:
Объявляем переменную
user@host:~$ export PYTHONPATH=/path1
Запускаем интерпретатор
user@host:~$ python3
Проверим что в sys.path
>>> import sys
>>> print(sys.path)
['', '/path1', '/usr/lib/...', ...]
Добавляем что-то в переменную
>>> import os
>>> os.emviron['PYTHONPATH'] = '/path1:/path2'
>>> print(sys.path)
['', '/path1', '/usr/lib/...', ...]
Изменений нет. Но давайте запустим дочерний процесс и посмотрим там
>>> os.system('python3')
# теперь мы находимся в другом процессе
>>> import sys
>>> print(sys.path)
['', '/path1', '/path2', '/usr/lib/...', ...]
Тоже самое будет и с subprocess, так как по умолчанию текущее окружение тоже наследуется.
>>> import subprocess
>>> subprocess.call(['python3', '-c', 'import sys;print(sys.path)'])
['', '/path1', '/path2', '/usr/lib/...', ...]
______________________
Лучшей практикой является передача энвайронмента явно через аргумент env!
import subprocess
subprocess.call(cmd, env={'PYTHONPATH': '...'})
Это поможет точно понимать какое окружение будет у запускаемого процесса и при этом не изменять окружение текущего процесса.
#basic
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