Заметка начинающим, которые часто сталкиваются с подобной непоняткой.
Ситуация следующая, есть список файлов:
names = [
'image.bmp',
'second.txt.bkp',
'data.db',
'.config.cfg',
'file.ext.bkp'
]
И мы хотим убрать у них окончание ".bkp".
Не знаю зачем, пример довольно надуманный) Но суть он показывает, а это главное.
Те, кто еще не очень знаком с библиотекой os.path или pathlib, вероятно решат обработать имена как строки. И тут вполне подойдет метод строки strip().
Что делает этот метод? Он отрезает указанные символы по обеим сторонам строки. Если ничего не указать, то убирает невидимые символы (пробелы, табуляции и переносы строк).
В нашем случае будет выглядеть вот так:
>>> name.strip('.bkp')
То есть просим удалить строку '.bkp' по краям имени файла, если таковая есть.
Можно применить аналогичный метод rstrip(), чтобы отрезать только справа, но для этого примера используем обычный.
>>> for name in names:
>>> print(name.strip('.bkp'))
image.bm
second.txt
data.d
config.cfg
file.ext
Хм, что-то не то с нашими именами! Что случилось??? Видим нежелательное переименование в именах, где и близко не было указанной строки '.bkp'
А дело всё в том, что данный метод ищет не указанную строку, а указанные символы, и не важно в каком порядке.
Для метода strip() строка '.bkp' это не паттерн для поискаа список символов. Потому он отрезал симовол 'p' от '.bmp' и удалил точку из файла '.config.cfg'.
Как тогда правильно заменить именно паттерн? Для начинающего можно посоветовать метод строки replace(), который как раз использует для замены указанную строку целиком. В нашем примере заменим её на пустую строку.
>>> for name in names:
>>> print(name.replace('.bkp', ''))
image.bmp
second.txt
data.db
.config.cfg
file.ext
Уже лучше, но помните, это лишь пример про strip(). Для работы с именами файлов есть способы и более "правильные", дающие однозначно верный результат. Я взял файлы только в качестве примера. Даже replase() тут может сделать не то что ожидаем.
Просто впредь будьте внимательны с этим strip().
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Everyone can finally use "PAD" to gain up to 10% discount when applying for Nigerian passport, NIN or VISA.
✅ Avoid paying twice through unofficial sources or scammers who hide behind unregistered businesses.
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4. We'll guide you on travel and accommodation plans if you have to travel to Moscow from another city.
5. We'll offer assistance in the case of delays or deliver your passport to you.
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Dr. Godwin Ibe
Chairman, NIDO Russia
+79262385618
https://t.me/nido_russia/1723
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Visa/NIN/Passport Application Discount (PAD)
Everyone can finally use "PAD" to gain up to 10% discount when applying for Nigerian passport, NIN or VISA.
✅ Avoid paying twice through unofficial sources or scammers who hide behind unregistered businesses.
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2. We'll offer you a discount on payment for passport issuance or re-issuance or Nigerian VISA application in some cases.
3. We'll guide you on other documents that you might need after getting your passport/Visa.
4. We'll guide you on travel and accommodation plans if you have to travel to Moscow from another city.
5. We'll offer assistance in the case of delays or deliver your passport to you.
Yours in service,
Dr. Godwin Ibe
Chairman, NIDO Russia
+79262385618
https://t.me/nido_russia/1723
#pad#visa#nin#passport
Visa/NIN/Passport Application Discount (PAD)
Everyone can finally use "PAD" to gain up to 10% discount when applying for Nigerian passport, NIN or VISA.
✅ Avoid paying twice through unofficial sources or scammers who hide behind unregistered businesses.
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2. We'll offer you a discount on payment for passport issuance or re-issuance or Nigerian VISA application in some cases.
3. We'll guide you on other documents that you might need after getting your passport/Visa.
4. We'll guide you on travel and accommodation plans if you have to travel to Moscow from another city.
5. We'll offer assistance in the case of delays or deliver your passport to you.
Yours in service,
Dr. Godwin Ibe
Chairman, NIDO Russia
+79262385618
https://t.me/nido_russia/1723
#pad#visa#nin#passport
Visa/NIN/Passport Application Discount (PAD)
Everyone can finally use "PAD" to gain up to 10% discount when applying for Nigerian passport, NIN or VISA.
✅ Avoid paying twice through unofficial sources or scammers who hide behind unregistered businesses.
✅ Avoid mistakes in the application process that will cost you time, energy and money.
Other Benefits?
1. We'll guide you on all that you need to do to successful apply for passport/visa issuance or re-issuance from start to finish.
2. We'll offer you a discount on payment for passport issuance or re-issuance or Nigerian VISA application in some cases.
3. We'll guide you on other documents that you might need after getting your passport/Visa.
4. We'll guide you on travel and accommodation plans if you have to travel to Moscow from another city.
5. We'll offer assistance in the case of delays or deliver your passport to you.
Yours in service,
Dr. Godwin Ibe
Chairman, NIDO Russia
+79262385618
https://t.me/nido_russia/1723
#pad#visa#nin#passport
Visa/NIN/Passport Application Discount (PAD)
Everyone can finally use "PAD" to gain up to 10% discount when applying for Nigerian passport, NIN or VISA.
✅ Avoid paying twice through unofficial sources or scammers who hide behind unregistered businesses.
✅ Avoid mistakes in the application process that will cost you time, energy and money.
Other Benefits?
1. We'll guide you on all that you need to do to successful apply for passport/visa issuance or re-issuance from start to finish.
2. We'll offer you a discount on payment for passport issuance or re-issuance or Nigerian VISA application in some cases.
3. We'll guide you on other documents that you might need after getting your passport/Visa.
4. We'll guide you on travel and accommodation plans if you have to travel to Moscow from another city.
5. We'll offer assistance in the case of delays or deliver your passport to you.
Yours in service,
Dr. Godwin Ibe
Chairman, NIDO Russia
+79262385618
https://t.me/nido_russia/1723
#pad#visa#nin#passport
Visa/NIN/Passport Application Discount (PAD)
Everyone can finally use "PAD" to gain up to 10% discount when applying for Nigerian passport, NIN or VISA.
✅ Avoid paying twice through unofficial sources or scammers who hide behind unregistered businesses.
✅ Avoid mistakes in the application process that will cost you time, energy and money.
Other Benefits?
1. We'll guide you on all that you need to do to successful apply for passport/visa issuance or re-issuance from start to finish.
2. We'll offer you a discount on payment for passport issuance or re-issuance or Nigerian VISA application in some cases.
3. We'll guide you on other documents that you might need after getting your passport/Visa.
4. We'll guide you on travel and accommodation plans if you have to travel to Moscow from another city.
5. We'll offer assistance in the case of delays or deliver your passport to you.
Yours in service,
Dr. Godwin Ibe
Chairman, NIDO Russia
+79262385618
https://t.me/nido_russia/1723
#pad#visa#nin#passport
Visa/NIN/Passport Application Discount (PAD)
Everyone can finally use "PAD" to gain up to 10% discount when applying for Nigerian passport, NIN or VISA.
✅ Avoid paying twice through unofficial sources or scammers who hide behind unregistered businesses.
✅ Avoid mistakes in the application process that will cost you time, energy and money.
Other Benefits?
1. We'll guide you on all that you need to do to successful apply for passport/visa issuance or re-issuance from start to finish.
2. We'll offer you a discount on payment for passport issuance or re-issuance or Nigerian VISA application in some cases.
3. We'll guide you on other documents that you might need after getting your passport/Visa.
4. We'll guide you on travel and accommodation plans if you have to travel to Moscow from another city.
5. We'll offer assistance in the case of delays or deliver your passport to you.
Yours in service,
Dr. Godwin Ibe
Chairman, NIDO Russia
+79262385618
https://t.me/nido_russia/1723
#pad#visa#nin#passport
Visa/NIN/Passport Application Discount (PAD)
Everyone can finally use "PAD" to gain up to 10% discount when applying for Nigerian passport, NIN or VISA.
✅ Avoid paying twice through unofficial sources or scammers who hide behind unregistered businesses.
✅ Avoid mistakes in the application process that will cost you time, energy and money.
Other Benefits?
1. We'll guide you on all that you need to do to successful apply for passport/visa issuance or re-issuance from start to finish.
2. We'll offer you a discount on payment for passport issuance or re-issuance or Nigerian VISA application in some cases.
3. We'll guide you on other documents that you might need after getting your passport/Visa.
4. We'll guide you on travel and accommodation plans if you have to travel to Moscow from another city.
5. We'll offer assistance in the case of delays or deliver your passport to you.
Yours in service,
Dr. Godwin Ibe
Chairman, NIDO Russia
+79262385618
https://t.me/nido_russia/1723
#pad#visa#nin#passport