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Изворен канал @pythonotes · Post #241 · 5 мај

Можно ли в Python создавать бинарные файлы? Конечно можно. Для этого в Python есть следующие инструменты: ▫️ тип данных bytes и bytearray ▫️ открытие файла в режиме wb (write binary) или rb (read binary) ▫️ модуль struct Про модуль struct поговорим в первую очередь. Файл в формате JSON или Yaml внутри себя содержит разметку данных. Всегда можно определить где список начался а где закончился. Где записана строка а где словарь. То есть формат записи данных содержит в себе элементы разметки данных. В binary-файле данные не имеют визуальной разметки. Это просто байты, записанные один за другим. Правила записи и чтения находятся вне файла. Модуль struct как раз и помогает с организацией данных в таком файле с помощью определения форматов записи для разных частей файла. Модуль struct преобразует Python-объекты в массив байт, готовый к записи в файл и имеющий определённый вид. Для этого всегда следует указывать формат преобразования (или, как оно здесь называется - запаковки). Формат нужен для того, чтобы выделить достаточное количество байт для записи конкретного типа объекта. В последствии с помощью того же формата будет производиться чтение. При этом следует помнить что мы говорим о типах языка С а не Python. Именно формат определяет, что записано в конкретном месте файла, число, строка или что-то еще. Вот какие токены формата у нас есть. Помимо этого, первым символом можно указать порядок байтов. На разных системах одни и те же типы данных могут записываться по-разному, поэтому желательно указать конкретный способ из доступных. Если этого не сделать, то используется символ '@', то есть нативный для текущей системы. В строке формата мы пишем в каком порядке и какие типы собираемся преобразовать в байты. Запакуем в байты простое число, токен "i". >>> import struct >>> struct.pack('=i', 10) b'\n\x00\x00\x00' Теперь несколько float, при этом нужно передавать элементы не массивом а последовательностью аргументов. >>> struct.pack('=fff', 1.0, 2.5, 4.1) b'\x00\x00\x80?\x00\x00 @33\x83@' Вместо нескольких токенов можно просто указать нужное количество элементов перед одним токеном, результат будет тот же. >>> struct.pack('=3f', 1.0, 2.5, 4.1) b'\x00\x00\x80?\x00\x00 @33\x83@' Теперь запакуем разные типы >>> data = struct.pack('=fiQ', 1.0, 4, 100500) я запаковал типы float, int и unsigned long long (очень большой int, на 8 байт) b'\x00\x00\x80?\x04\x00\x00...' Распаковка происходит аналогично, но нужно указать тот же формат, который использовался при запаковке. Результат возвращается всегда в виде кортежа. >>> struct.unpack('=fiQ', data) (1.0, 4, 100500) Как видите, ничего страшного! #lib#basic

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DigitalGenie Trading News

@digitalgentop · Post #114 · 24.05.2024 г., 19:21

☄️🔖South Korean Police Crack Down on Crypto Fraud: 19 Arrested in 'Reading Room' Scam 🛡 South Korean police have made a major breakthrough in the fight against crypto fraud, apprehending 19 individuals involved in a deceptive "crypto reading room" scheme. 🔈 The gang operated through an open chat room, masquerading as seasoned traders and luring in unsuspecting investors seeking legitimate crypto advice. 💵However, instead of guidance, victims were duped out of a staggering $18.8 million by the cunning fraudsters. 🌐 Despite the arrests, the investigation is far from over, with at least six suspects still on the run. International cooperation through Interpol has been sought to bring them to justice. ❗️ Shockingly, the ringleader employed manipulative tactics akin to pig-butchering, promising jobs abroad only to exploit vulnerable individuals who fell into their trap. #Cryptosignals#Cryptoinvesting #Cryptoexchange #Bitcoinprice

DigitalGenie Trading News

@digitalgentop · Post #112 · 24.05.2024 г., 18:40

🌐 Former Kansas Bank CEO Pleads Guilty to $47M Crypto Embezzlement Scheme 💵 In a shocking turn of events, the ex-CEO of Heartland Tri-State Bank in Kansas has confessed to embezzling a staggering $47.1 million through a web of personal crypto purchases. 🕯 The fallout from this audacious scheme resulted in the bank's collapse last July, leaving investors with zero equity, according to the U.S. Attorney's Office for the District of Kansas. 📣 Identified as Shan Hanes, the 52-year-old mastermind behind this financial fiasco allegedly used cryptocurrencies as a smokescreen to hide mounting losses. 💬 "Hanes is not just a liar but also a master manipulator," stated Attorney Kate Brubacher, emphasizing the devastating impact on victims' life savings and retirement funds. 🛡 The FBI, FDIC, Federal Reserve Board, and FHFA are now jointly investigating this high-profile crypto case that has sent shockwaves through the industry. ✨ With a potential sentence of up to 30 years looming over him, Hanes awaits his fate at the sentencing scheduled for August 8th. 🟢The collapse of Heartland Tri-State Bank adds another layer to the ongoing debate about how traditional banks should navigate their relationship with the ever-evolving crypto ecosystem. #Bitcointrading#Cryptosignals#Cryptoinvesting #Cryptoexchange #Bitcoinprice

DigitalGenie Trading News

@digitalgentop · Post #109 · 24.05.2024 г., 17:40

✨ The recent approval of spot ether exchange-traded funds (ETFs) by the Securities and Exchange Commission has significantly boosted the price of Ether amidst a broader downturn in the crypto market. 💵While many cryptocurrencies have experienced declines, Ether has seen a notable increase, trading at $3,815 with a 2.12% gain in the past 24 hours. In comparison, Bitcoin's price has decreased by 2.35% during the same period, trading at $67,540. 🕯🔵 This positive momentum for Ether can be attributed to the excitement and optimism surrounding the approval of spot ether ETFs, highlighting the growing interest in this particular cryptocurrency and its potential for further growth. #Bitcointrading#Cryptosignals#Cryptoinvesting #Cryptoexchange #Bitcoinprice

DigitalGenie Trading News

@digitalgentop · Post #108 · 24.05.2024 г., 17:20

⚡️🔖Gate.io's affiliate in Hong Kong, Gate.HK, is shutting down its services and has pulled its application for a license to operate a crypto trading platform in the region. ⭐️The company announced that it will be making significant changes to its platform and advised users to withdraw their assets by August 28. 🆕Gate.HK has also halted new user registration and deposits, and will be removing various tokens from its platform by May 28. #Bitcointrading#Cryptosignals#Cryptoinvesting #Cryptoexchange #Bitcoinprice

DigitalGenie Trading News

@digitalgentop · Post #107 · 24.05.2024 г., 00:50

✨Investors and traders should monitor these developments closely and be prepared for potential fluctuations in the Ethereum market. 💰The approval of Ethereum ETFs could bring significant volatility to the market, both in terms of price increases and potential corrections. It's important to stay informed and have a clear understanding of the risks involved in trading cryptocurrencies, especially in periods of heightened uncertainty. 🕯As always, it's recommended to exercise caution and diligence when making investment decisions in such a volatile and rapidly evolving market. #Bitcointrading#Cryptosignals#Cryptoinvesting #Cryptoexchange #Bitcoinprice

DigitalGenie Trading News

@digitalgentop · Post #106 · 24.05.2024 г., 00:32

⚡️💵The minting of $1 billion USDT tokens by Tether on the Ethereum blockchain appears to be a strategic move to take advantage of the market sentiment surrounding the potential approval of a spot ETH ETF by the SEC. 💬With the anticipation of a positive decision leading to a market rally, Tether's move to provide liquidity through the minting of USDT can potentially fuel further price increases. 🕯 It will be interesting to see how this development impacts the overall market dynamics leading up to the ETF news. #Bitcointrading#Cryptosignals#Cryptoinvesting #Cryptoexchange #Bitcoinprice

DigitalGenie Trading News

@digitalgentop · Post #105 · 24.05.2024 г., 00:15

☄️🌐The price of Gala Games' native token, GALA, dropped significantly on Monday due to concerns about a suspicious transfer of over $200 million worth of GALA tokens. An unidentified individual created and sold 5 billion Gala tokens on Uniswap, sparking worries of a potential hack among traders. #Bitcointrading#Cryptosignals#Cryptoinvesting #Cryptoexchange #Bitcoinprice

DigitalGenie Trading News

@digitalgentop · Post #104 · 24.05.2024 г., 00:01

⚡️Gemini to return 97% of frozen assets in-kind to Earn users by month’s end ⭐️Crypto exchange Gemini said its defunct Earn product users will begin receiving approximately 97% of their frozen digital assets by the end of this month. Notably, the exchange’s announcement coincided with news that the failed crypto lender Genesis got Court approval to return around $3 billion of its customers’ assets. Meanwhile, this development marks a significant relief for Earn users, whose assets have been frozen since November 2022 due to the liquidity crisis that hit Genesis, the now-bankrupt crypto lender. #Bitcointrading#Cryptosignals#Cryptoinvesting #Cryptoexchange #Bitcoinprice

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