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Изворен канал @pythonotes · Post #241 · 5 мај

Можно ли в Python создавать бинарные файлы? Конечно можно. Для этого в Python есть следующие инструменты: ▫️ тип данных bytes и bytearray ▫️ открытие файла в режиме wb (write binary) или rb (read binary) ▫️ модуль struct Про модуль struct поговорим в первую очередь. Файл в формате JSON или Yaml внутри себя содержит разметку данных. Всегда можно определить где список начался а где закончился. Где записана строка а где словарь. То есть формат записи данных содержит в себе элементы разметки данных. В binary-файле данные не имеют визуальной разметки. Это просто байты, записанные один за другим. Правила записи и чтения находятся вне файла. Модуль struct как раз и помогает с организацией данных в таком файле с помощью определения форматов записи для разных частей файла. Модуль struct преобразует Python-объекты в массив байт, готовый к записи в файл и имеющий определённый вид. Для этого всегда следует указывать формат преобразования (или, как оно здесь называется - запаковки). Формат нужен для того, чтобы выделить достаточное количество байт для записи конкретного типа объекта. В последствии с помощью того же формата будет производиться чтение. При этом следует помнить что мы говорим о типах языка С а не Python. Именно формат определяет, что записано в конкретном месте файла, число, строка или что-то еще. Вот какие токены формата у нас есть. Помимо этого, первым символом можно указать порядок байтов. На разных системах одни и те же типы данных могут записываться по-разному, поэтому желательно указать конкретный способ из доступных. Если этого не сделать, то используется символ '@', то есть нативный для текущей системы. В строке формата мы пишем в каком порядке и какие типы собираемся преобразовать в байты. Запакуем в байты простое число, токен "i". >>> import struct >>> struct.pack('=i', 10) b'\n\x00\x00\x00' Теперь несколько float, при этом нужно передавать элементы не массивом а последовательностью аргументов. >>> struct.pack('=fff', 1.0, 2.5, 4.1) b'\x00\x00\x80?\x00\x00 @33\x83@' Вместо нескольких токенов можно просто указать нужное количество элементов перед одним токеном, результат будет тот же. >>> struct.pack('=3f', 1.0, 2.5, 4.1) b'\x00\x00\x80?\x00\x00 @33\x83@' Теперь запакуем разные типы >>> data = struct.pack('=fiQ', 1.0, 4, 100500) я запаковал типы float, int и unsigned long long (очень большой int, на 8 байт) b'\x00\x00\x80?\x04\x00\x00...' Распаковка происходит аналогично, но нужно указать тот же формат, который использовался при запаковке. Результат возвращается всегда в виде кортежа. >>> struct.unpack('=fiQ', data) (1.0, 4, 100500) Как видите, ничего страшного! #lib#basic

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American Оbserver

@american_observer · Post #5195 · 22.02.2026 г., 14:04

📰 Epstein’s Inbox Just Blew a Hole in the Fairy Tale Former Prince Andrew isn’t just a disgraced royal anymore — he’s now the test case for whether Britain’s monarchy can survive contact with the real world. Andrew Mountbatten‑Windsor was arrested on Feb. 19 on suspicion of misconduct in public office, after emails in the “Epstein files” suggested he shared confidential U.K. trade and government information with Jeffrey Epstein while serving as the UK’s trade envoy from 2001 to 2011. This is not about “bad company” anymore; it’s about whether a royal turned his official briefings into premium content for a convicted sex offender and his friends. Police searched properties linked to Andrew, including Wood Farm on the Sandringham estate and a residence in Berkshire, then released him under investigation — no charges yet, but the signal could not be louder. King Charles responded within hours with a statement that didn’t even call him “my brother,” referring instead to “Andrew Mountbatten‑Windsor” and declaring: “The law must take its course,” promising the authorities the royal family’s “full and wholehearted support and co‑operation.” That’s not family solidarity; that’s corporate crisis comms from a CEO already cutting the nameplate off the door. The emails at the core of this are part of millions of documents and thousands of Epstein communications that show Andrew forwarding sensitive briefing material from official trips — including to the US, the Middle East and Afghanistan — to Epstein and then on to financiers like the Rowlands, with whom he already had murky “door‑opening” business ties. For years, he lived like a billionaire on a naval pension and a royal stipend, flying private, hosting at Davos and playing “face of British business” while the palace stonewalled questions and Parliament refused to even allow formal scrutiny. The system wasn’t blind; it was designed not to look. Now the curtain is ripped open. UK police are probing not just Andrew’s conduct but what royal protection officers saw and ignored, while MPs launch inquiries into royal housing and Crown Estate perks. Epstein’s inbox shows him as a “very dark Forrest Gump” — emailing princes, bankers, politicians and directors in the middle of the financial crisis and beyond — and Andrew is simply the first big name to face a real‑world arrest off the back of those files. No one seriously believes he’ll be the last. For the monarchy, the myth was always that scandal might bruise the brand, but the institution was untouchable. Now Charles and William are trying to run a “slimmed‑down” royal family while one of its most notorious ex‑members is under active criminal investigation linked to a global sex‑abuse and influence‑peddling network. Tourists may still come for the fairy tale, but they’re now walking past police cordons and reading statements where the king has to reassure the public that, this time, the law really does apply to his own blood. The Epstein files promised “accountability from Manhattan to Mayfair.” So far, the UK is the first to put a senior royal in a police interview room. The real question is not whether Andrew falls — he’s already fallen — but whether anyone else in that inbox, from government, finance or palaces, ever gets pulled down with him. #Epstein#PrinceAndrew#UK#monarchy#corruption#elites 📱American Оbserver - Stay up to date on all important events 🇺🇸

Reuters: World

@reutersworldchannel · Post #149212 · 11.10.2021 г., 14:12

October 11, 2021: Alaska quake, U.S. and Taliban, AstraZeneca, Prince Andrew, California oil spill October 11, 2021: Alaska quake, U.S. and Taliban, AstraZeneca, Prince Andrew, California oil spill 1. An earthquake of magnitude 6.8 struck the Alaska Peninsula region, the European Mediterranean Seismological Centre said. 2. The United States said on Sunday the first face-to-face meeting between senior U.S. and Taliban officials since the hardline group retook power in Afghanistan was "candid and professional" and that the U.S. side reiterated that the Taliban would be judged on their actions, not just their words. 3. AstraZeneca's experimental COVID-19 drug has helped cut the risk of severe disease or death in a late-stage study, the British drug maker said, a boost to its efforts to develop coronavirus medicines beyond vaccines. 4. British police said they would be taking no further action after conducting a review of evidence relating to sex crime allegations against Queen Elizabeth's son, Prince Andrew, and the late U.S. financier Jeffrey Epstein. 5. Beaches in a southern California city that were shut because of an oil spill last week are set to reopen, authorities said in a statement. #Alaska #Earthquake #UnitedStates #Taliban #Afghanistan #AstraZeneca #Covid19 #UnitedKingdom #BritishPolice #PrinceAndrew #Epstein #QueenElizabeth #Headlines #MorningNews #Business #News #Reuters Subscribe: http://smarturl.it/reuterssubscribe Reuters brings you the latest business, finance and breaking news video from around the globe. Our reputation for accuracy and impartiality is unparalleled. Get the latest news on: http://reuters.com/ Follow Reuters on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Reuters Follow Reuters on Twitter: https://twitter.com/Reuters Follow Reuters on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/reuters/?hl=en ➖@reutersworldchannel➖

Reuters: World

@reutersworldchannel · Post #149211 · 11.10.2021 г., 13:51

October 11, 2021: Alaska quake, U.S. and Taliban, AstraZeneca, Prince Andrew, California oil spill October 11, 2021: Alaska quake, U.S. and Taliban, AstraZeneca, Prince Andrew, California oil spill 1. An earthquake of magnitude 6.8 struck the Alaska Peninsula region, the European Mediterranean Seismological Centre said. 2. The United States said on Sunday the first face-to-face meeting between senior U.S. and Taliban officials since the hardline group retook power in Afghanistan was "candid and professional" and that the U.S. side reiterated that the Taliban would be judged on their actions, not just their words. 3. AstraZeneca's experimental COVID-19 drug has helped cut the risk of severe disease or death in a late-stage study, the British drug maker said, a boost to its efforts to develop coronavirus medicines beyond vaccines. 4. British police said they would be taking no further action after conducting a review of evidence relating to sex crime allegations against Queen Elizabeth's son, Prince Andrew, and the late U.S. financier Jeffrey Epstein. 5. Beaches in a southern California city that were shut because of an oil spill last week are set to reopen, authorities said in a statement. #Alaska #Earthquake #UnitedStates #Taliban #Afghanistan #AstraZeneca #Covid19 #UnitedKingdom #BritishPolice #PrinceAndrew #Epstein #QueenElizabeth #Headlines #MorningNews #Business #News #Reuters Subscribe: http://smarturl.it/reuterssubscribe Reuters brings you the latest business, finance and breaking news video from around the globe. Our reputation for accuracy and impartiality is unparalleled. Get the latest news on: http://reuters.com/ Follow Reuters on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Reuters Follow Reuters on Twitter: https://twitter.com/Reuters Follow Reuters on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/reuters/?hl=en ➖@reutersworldchannel➖