Теперь запакуем строку.
В этом случае следует передавать тип данных bytes.
>>> struct.pack('=s', b'a')
b'a'
Для записи слова следует указывать количество символов.
>>> struct.pack('=5s', b'hello')
b'hello'
Кстати, запакованный вид соответствует исходному тексту. Всё верно, символ есть в таблице ASCII, то есть его код попадает в диапазон 0-127, он может быть записан одним байтом и имеет визуальное представление. А вот что будет если добавить символ вне ASCII
>>> struct.pack(f'=s', b'ё')
SyntaxError: bytes can only contain ASCII literal characters.
Ошибка возникла еще на этапе создания объекта bytes, который не может содержать такой символ. Поэтому надо кодировать эти байты из строки.
>>> enc = 'ёжик'.encode('utf-8')
>>> struct.pack(f'={len(enc)}s', enc)
b'\xd1\x91\xd0\xb6\xd0\xb8\xd0\xba'
Заметьте, длина такой строки в байтах отличается от исходной длины, так как символы вне ASCII записываются двумя байтами и более. Поэтому здесь формат создаём на лету, используя получившуюся длину как каунтер токена.
#libs#basic
Our Group Tax Specialist, Ang Sim Tay, represented the #IRASFam as a panellist on 'Pillar Two: Global Minimum Tax' at the recent IFA Asia Pacific Regional Conference in Kuala Lumpur.
At the conference, leading tax experts from across the region discussed technical challenges surrounding new developments in Base Erosion Profit Shifting 2.0, transfer pricing and cross-border dispute resolution.
“The conference offered valuable insights into how Malaysia and Indonesia are approaching Pillar Two implementation,” Ang Sim reflected. “The robust exchange of perspectives on emerging tax issues was also enlightening. I’m particularly grateful for IFA Malaysia’s warm hospitality, which made my experience even more memorable.”
#lifeatIRAS#knowledgesharing
We're grateful for the opportunity to share our practical tax strategies with our Chinese friends, reinforcing Singapore's commitment to knowledge-sharing whilst positioning IRAS as an innovative tax administration. These exchanges strengthen bilateral relations and allow our innovations like FEDR and SFFS to serve as reference points for other jurisdictions.
#LifeatIRAS#knowledgesharing#supportingbusinesses
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Wednesday, November 12, 2025, at 11:00 AM EST for a powerful learning session with Dr. Bret Rings (DVM, Cobb) — hosted by Jamesway.
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#Poultry#BroilerBreeders#HatcheryManagement#AnimalHealth#VeterinaryScience#Biosecurity#Cobb#Jamesway#WebinarWednesday#ContinuousImprovement#KnowledgeSharing