Тип строки в Python имеет очень много удобных методов. Сегодня пост про два таких метода которые чаще всего используются "однобоко". Это методы startswith() и endswith()
Самый обычный сценарий использования — проверка, начинается ли строка с указанной подстроки?
>>> "some_string".startswith("some")
True
И аналогичная ситуация с зеркальным вариантом этой функции, проверка совпадения с конца
>>> "some_string".endswith("some")
False
Так они используются в большинстве случаев что я видел. Но у этих функций есть еще два варианта использования.
🔸Сравнение нескольких подстрок
Для проверки нескольких подстрок в одной строке обычно вызывают эти функции несколько раз. Но на самом деле достаточно передать кортеж со всеми строками один раз. Если будет хоть одно совпадение то функция вернёт True.
>>>"my_image.png".endswith(("jpg", "png", "exr"))
True
🔸Диапазон поиска
Вторым аргументом можно передать индекс символа с которого следует начать сравнение, а третий аргумент это индекс последнего символа.
>>> ".filename.ext".startswith("file", 1)
True
>>> "file_###.ext".endswith('#', 0, -4)
True
Индексы можно указать отрицательными, что означает отсчёт с конца.
#trics#basic
#Idiom
💢Go off on a tangent
Or
💢 Go off at a tangent
🔰If a person or piece of writing goes off on a tangent or goes off at a tangent, they start saying or thinking something that is not directly connected with what they were saying or thinking before
💠Note:-
In geometry, a tangent is a straight line which touches a curve at one point
🕸 Ex:- Our teacher would occasionally go off on a tangent and start talking about something totally unrelated to the textbook.
💠Note:-
You can use other verbs instead of go
🕸 Ex:- The book's theme wandersoff on a tangent now and then.
#Idiom
🕸People in society🕸
❄️A self-made man
♣️ A person who is rich and successful because they have worked hard, not because they were born into a rich family
❄️The chattering classes
♣️ Educated people who enjoy discussing social, political and cultural issues
❄️A second-class citizen
♣️ Someone is treated as if they are less important than others in society
❄️The grass roots
♣️ Ordinary people in a political or sporting organisation, not the leaders
❄️ The silent majority
♣️ A large number of people who do not express their opinions publicly
❄️ The (men in) grey suits
♣️ People in business or politics with a lot of influence or power, although they are not well known to the public
❄️Public enemy number one
♣️ Smth or someone that a lot of people dislike or disapprove of
❄️New kid on the block
♣️ Someone who is new in a place or organisation and has many things to learn about it (informal).
#Idiom
💢Even exchange: a trade of equal value; when you return something and take something else that costs the same price
✨ Ex: If you return that jacket and get this sweater instead, it will be an even exchange. They're both $39.99.
#Idiom
💢(To) steer clear of: to avoid, usually due to a bad experience
✨ Ex: Mark got food poisoning at O'Reilly's? We'd better steer clear of that place from now on!
#Idiom
💢(To) have the magic touch: to have talent at doing something; to be able to do something difficult.
✨ Ex: You can't open that bottle? Give it to Ivan. He usually has the magic touch.