Наверняка вы замечали, что в Python есть удобная функция для получения переменной окружения
os.getenv(NAME)
И её "сестра" для создания или изменения переменных окружения
os.putenv(NAME, VALUE)
Но почему-то putenv() не работает как должно. Энвайромент не обновляется!
os.putenv('MYVAR', '1')
print(os.getenv('MYVAR'))
... и ничего 😴
Почему так?
На самом деле энвайромент обновляется, но это значение не добавляется в словарь os.environ.
Откройте исходник функции os.getenv(). Это просто шорткат для os.environ.get()
В то время как putenv() это built-in С-функция.
Словарь os.environ (или точней класс из MutableMapping) создаётся из энвайромента в момент инициализации. Функция putenv() самостоятельно его не изменяет.
В тоже время, когда вы создаёте или изменяете ключ в os.environ, автоматически вызывается putenv() в методе __setitem__().
То есть, технически putenv() всё делает верно, но в os.environ это не отражается. Можно проверить так:
>>> os.putenv('MYVAR', '123')
>>> os.system('python -c "import os;print(os.getenv(\'MYVAR\'))"')
123
Я объявил переменную в текущем процессе и вызвал дочерний процесс, который её унаследовал и получил в составе os.environ.
Аналогично при удалении переменной вызывается еще одна built-in функция unsetenv(), удаляющая переменную из системы.
Итого
▫️ Удобней всего явно обновлять переменные через os.environ
▫️ Есть способ неявно создать/удалить переменную через putenv/unsetenv, что не повлияет на os.environ но изменит энвайромент и передаст изменения сабпроцессам. Но так лучше не делать!
▫️os.environ это просто обертка для built-in функций putenv() и unsetenv().
#basic
*FRACTION OF SECONDS*
Woke up. I knew I was late. Coz that was my routine. And coz of a simple logic, why be excited to wake up early and go to a place you hate and do something that you hate!
I sighed when my mouth tasted coffee before colgate...Ahh! how I love normal days, It was a normal day. At least that's what I thought. Papa was there looking up from the newspaper at me with a sense of pity.
I sort of ignored that and walked out through the front door, but the next sight, a brand new beautiful ladybird and an even more beautiful rider, with short black hair waving in the wind, in a skirt that knew well not to cover her beautiful legs... Well I couldn't ignore that! Just a fraction of seconds and I had already captured her. Made her mine. Is this what they call...
Oops!! She looked at me. Damn it! She caught me staring at her! I looked away whistling. I looked again, did I see a smile?
I heard Mom shouting my name out aloud. I knew I had to rush. As I was rushing inside I heard a loud thud. I turned back and saw the beautiful ladybird lying on the road. It was only a fraction of second, yet my mind talked to me in infinite speed...Somethings...what did he say I don't remember anymore. I remember rushing back to the house.
One year I didn't talk to our new neighbour who was an year older than me.Days went by. Mom had started packing things up one evening I came back from school. Papa received his transfer letter.
Now whenever I see a cycle I think. What would've happened? Why hadn't I stopped my mind talking to me? Why hadn't I I rushed 'out'side than 'in'side? All in a fraction of second!
#JOHN PAUL BENOY
#Review
*FRACTION OF SECONDS*
Woke up. I knew I was late. Coz that was my routine. And coz of a simple logic, why be excited to wake up early and go to a place you hate and do something that you hate!
I sighed when my mouth tasted coffee before colgate...Ahh! how I love normal days, It was a normal day. At least that's what I thought. Papa was there looking up from the newspaper at me with a sense of pity.
I sort of ignored that and walked out through the front door, but the next sight, a brand new beautiful ladybird and an even more beautiful rider, with short black hair waving in the wind, in a skirt that knew well not to cover her beautiful legs... Well I couldn't ignore that! Just a fraction of seconds and I had already captured her. Made her mine. Is this what they call...
Oops!! She looked at me. Damn it! She caught me staring at her! I looked away whistling. I looked again, did I see a smile?
I heard Mom shouting my name out aloud. I knew I had to rush. As I was rushing inside I heard a loud thud. I turned back and saw the beautiful ladybird lying on the road. It was only a fraction of second, yet my mind talked to me in infinite speed...Somethings...what did he say I don't remember anymore. I remember rushing back to the house.
One year I didn't talk to our new neighbour who was an year older than me.Days went by. Mom had started packing things up one evening I came back from school. Papa received his transfer letter.
Now whenever I see a cycle I think. What would've happened? Why hadn't I stopped my mind talking to me? Why hadn't I I rushed 'out'side than 'in'side? All in a fraction of second!
#JOHN PAUL BENOY
#Review
#short story
Former US National Security Advisor John Bolton:
“Although you could potentially remove the ayatollah, that would leave the IRGC in place, and the government in Iran is the IRGC, while the ayatollahs act as a religious cover or an ideological cover for them.
I think Trump is just hoping that this show of American power will intimidate the ayatollahs. If I were still his adviser, I would be happy to tell him that it won’t work.
They won’t be intimidated. But Trump really thinks minute by minute; he doesn’t think strategically.”
#john#bolton#trump#ayatollah
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L-l恋l爱a刺c客k- 恋爱刺客 John Tucker Must Die (2006)
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