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Изворен канал @pythonotes · Post #32 · 7 фев.

Скорее всего уже слышали, что складывать строки через + это плохая практика. Падение производительности, и всё такое. Без лишних слов, давайте измерять: from timeit import timeit def t1(): # складываем 10 строк через + из переменной t = 'text' for _ in range(1000): s = t + t + t + t + t + t + t + t + t def t2(): # склеиваем список строк через метод join arr = ['text'] * 10 for _ in range(1000): s = ''.join(arr) def t3(): # складываем через + но не из переменной а непосредственно инлайн объекты for _ in range(1000): s = 'text' + 'text' + 'text' + ... # всего 10 раз Теперь каждую строку склейки запустим по 10М раз >>> timeit(t1, number=10000) 0.21951690399964718 >>> timeit(t2, number=10000) 1.4978306379998685 >>> timeit(t3, number=10000) 0.2213820789993406 Хм, а нам говорили что через "+" это плохо и медленно ))) 😁 Тут стоит учитывать, что речь идёт о склейке множества длинных строк. Давайте изменим условия: def t4(): t = 'text'*100 for _ in range(1000): s = t + t + t + t + t + t + t + t + t def t5(): arr = ['text'*100] * 10 for _ in range(1000): s = ''.join(arr) def t6(): for _ in range(1000): s = 'text'*100 + 'text'*100 + ... # всего 10 раз >>> timeit(t4, number=10000) 12.795130728000004 >>> timeit(t5, number=10000) 2.642637542999182 >>> timeit(t6, number=10000) 0.2184546610005782 Вот, уже другой разговор, сразу видна разница, в среднем в 6 раз. Но погодите, почему последний тест t6() по скорости такой же как и t3()? Ведь строки теперь в 100 раз длиннее! Это вопросы оптимизации кода, какие простые изменения ускоряют или замедляют выполнение программы. Мы столкнулись с примером обхода обращения к переменной. Например, именно так работает директива #define в С++, во время компиляции подставляя значение переменной вместо ссылки на неё. В Python это тоже работает, но часто ли вы сможете встретить такой способ работы со строками? К сожалению, способ почти только теоретический. В целом, тесты показали то, что мы хотели. Делаем выводы самостоятельно. Полный листинг 🌍 #tricks

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AI & Law

@ai_and_law · Post #142 · 19.10.2023 г., 07:04

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European Data Protection Supervisor Weighs In on AI Liability Rules Hello, everyone! The European Data Protection Supervisor (EDPS) provided valuable insights into the European Commission's two proposals, addressing liability rules for artificial intelligence products. These proposals focus on establishing liability for AI developers producing "defective products" and defining civil liability regulations for individuals negatively affected by AI systems. The EDPS presented several key recommendations. Notably, they emphasized the need for uniform protection levels, ensuring that individuals harmed by defective AI systems employed by EU institutions receive the same protection as those impacted by a private entity's use of such systems. These recommendations highlight the ongoing efforts to shape comprehensive AI liability frameworks in the European Union, aiming to balance innovation and safeguard individual rights. #AIandLaw#EDPS#AILiability#EURegulations

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AI & Law

@ai_and_law · Post #159 · 08.11.2023 г., 08:04

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G7 Leaders Agree on International Guiding Principles for AI Development Hello, everybody! The G7 leaders have reached a consensus on International Guiding Principles and a voluntary Code of Conduct for AI developers under the Hiroshima AI process. The intention is to harmonize international standards with EU regulations to ensure the responsible and trustworthy development of AI. The eleven principles provide a roadmap for the responsible advancement, deployment, and utilization of advanced AI systems, including foundation models and generative AI. These principles encompass commitments to address risks, prevent misuse, promote responsible information sharing, mandate incident reporting, bolster cybersecurity measures, and introduce a labeling system for AI-generated content. #G7Leaders#AI#AIStandards#EURegulations#AIAct#AIDevelopment

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AI & Law

@ai_and_law · Post #55 · 13.07.2023 г., 11:20

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Spain takes the lead inshaping EU's AI regulations Spain has assumed the rotating presidency of the EU Council of Ministers and is gearing up to make a significant impact on the future of artificial intelligence regulations in the European Union. As part of their digital priorities, Spain aims to reach a political agreement on the AI Act. In preparation for upcoming negotiations with the EU Council, Parliament, and Commission, Spain has shared its position on key aspects of the Act: 1️⃣ Defining AI: Spain is considering different options, including sticking with the Council's text, aligning with the Parliament's position, or awaiting the OECD's (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) guidance. 2️⃣ Classification of High-Risk Applications: Spain is exploring various possibilities, such as adopting the Parliament's version without the notification of competent authorities, or refining it with binding self-assessment criteria for AI providers. 3️⃣ Addressing Critical Concepts: Spain is examining whether the AI Act is the appropriate framework to address concepts like democracy, the rule of law, and sustainability. 4️⃣ Clarity in Terminology: Spain is assessing the potential introduction of the term 'deployer' to minimize confusion and ensure clear roles and responsibilities within the AI ecosystem. These discussions will inform the trilogue negotiations scheduled for 18 July, where representatives from the Council, Parliament, and Commission will work towards a consensus on the AI Act. #SpainPresidency#AIAgenda#EURegulations#AIAct#AIRegulations#EUCouncil#EUCommission#EUParliament#Trilogue

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