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Изворен канал @pythonotes · Post #397 · 12 ное.

Использование Pydantic сегодня стало нормой, и это правильно. Но иногда на ревью вижу, что используют его не всегда корректно. Например, метод BaseModel.model_dump() по умолчанию не преобразует стандартные типы, такие как datetime, UUID или Decimal, в простой сериализуемый для JSON вид. Тогда пишут кастмоный сериализатор для этих типов чтобы функция json.dump() не падала с ошибкой. import uuid from datetime import datetime from decimal import Decimal from uuid import UUID from pydantic import BaseModel class MyModel(BaseModel): id: UUID date: datetime value: Decimal obj = MyModel( id=uuid.uuid4(), date=datetime.now(), value='1.23' ) print(obj.model_dump()) # не подходит для json.dump # { # 'id': UUID('4f8c1bc4-25fd-40cd-9dbe-2c73639b0dc1'), # 'date': datetime.datetime(2025, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 111111), # 'value': Decimal('1.23') # } # добавляем свой кастомный сериализатор json.dumps(obj.model_dump(), cls=MySerializer) # { # 'id': '4f8c1bc4-25fd-40cd-9dbe-2c73639b0dc1', # 'date': '2025-12-12T12:12:12.111111', # 'value': '1.23' # } В данном случае класс MySerializer обрабатывает datetime, UUID и Decimal. Например так: class MySerializer(json.JSONEncoder): def default(self, o): if isinstance(o, Decimal): return str(o) elif isinstance(o, datetime): return o.isoformat() elif isinstance(o, UUID): return str(o) return super().default(o) Специально для тех, кто всё еще так делает - в этом нет необходимости! Pydantic может это сделать сам, просто нужно добавить параметр mode="json". json.dumps(obj.model_dump(mode="json")) # { # 'id': '4f8c1bc4-25fd-40cd-9dbe-2c73639b0dc1', # 'date': '2012-12-12T12:12:12.111111', # 'value': '1.23' # } #pydantic#libs

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AI & Law

@ai_and_law · Post #295 · 26.04.2024 г., 07:04

Lost in Translation: AI Explanations Biased Toward Western Cultures? A new study reveals a potential blind spot in AI development: cultural bias in explanations provided by AI systems. As AI plays an increasingly prominent role in decision-making (hiring, healthcare), explainable AI is crucial for user trust and understanding. Explainable AI systems aim to make complex AI models easier to understand by generating explanations for their outputs. The study analyzed over 200 explainable AI user studies, finding a significant bias towards explaining AI decisions in ways preferred by Western populations: Western cultures tend to favor internalist explanations, focusing on the AI's "thinking" or beliefs. Conversely, collectivist cultures might prefer externalist explanations, referencing rules or social norms influencing the AI's output. This bias could lead to: ✅ Reduced trust in AI systems from non-Western users who receive explanations that don't resonate with their cultural background. ✅ Exclusion of valuable populations from the benefits of explainable AI. 94% of studies reviewed showed no awareness of potential cultural variations in explanation preferences. 48% of studies didn't report the cultural background of participants. Studies sampling non-Western populations were scarce (8.4%). Even studies reporting cultural background often generalized findings to broader populations without considering cultural differences. As AI impacts people worldwide, AI systems need to cater to diverse cultural understandings of explanation. #AI#ExplainableAI#Culture#Bias