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Изходен канал @clockstackwheels · Post #721 · 26.12

Почему я люблю языки с сильной системой типов, проверяемой статическим анализом кода — хорошо написанная программа является своей собственной спецификацией и позволяет выражать через язык программирования законы существования предметной области. Когда-то давно я писал на ActionScript. Там была система типов, но вот десериализация JSON'ов по-умолчанию была в какой-то общий Object, к полям которого нужно было обращаться ["по_строковому_имени"]. В один момент мне потребовалось написать что-то на C#, который я совсем не знал, я стал гуглить, как десериализовать JSON, и с удивлением обнаружил кучу советов заранее объявить класс со всеми нужными полями и десериализовать в него. "Какой ужас!", — подумал я тогда, — "Это же дико неудобно! А если я не знаю полей JSON? А если их много? Отвратительный язык!" Теперь то я прекрасно понимаю, что JSON это контракт, и что правильная десериализация только такая и должна быть, и что в хорошем API в одном поле никогда не бывает данных принципиально разных типов, и так далее. Нет, если вы набиваете вечерами пет-проект или сидите бессонную ночь на хакатоне, нет ничего плохого в том, чтобы взять простой язык с динамическими типами вроде JavaScript или Python, не требующий описывать данные. Но вот в энтерпрайзе, особенно когда над одним проектом работает много людей (а бывает это очень часто) — хорошее использование системы типов убережёт разработчиков от огромного количества ошибок, будет бить их по рукам, когда они пытаются сделать что-то не то, и будет подсказывать, когда они не уверены в чём-то. С помощью статической типизации можно на уровне кода обозначить правила, по которым ведёт себя предметная область вашей программы в реальном мире. Разработчику не только будет сложно их нарушить, но он ещё и станет узнавать какие-то вещи, которые мог не знать раньше. Например, если мы делаем медицинскую CRM, и больница заводит новых пациентов только тогда, когда знает их группу крови, мы можем объявить тип "Пациент" (или, если точнее, "Карта пациента") и запретить создавать экземпляры этого типа, не передав в конструктор группу крови (которая, в свою очередь, тоже является типом, вероятнее всего ValueObject'ом). Если новый программист пришёл в проект, он, во-первых, не сможет записать в БД некорректную карту пациента. Понятно, мы не учитываем случаи, когда новый программист переделывает модели предметной области — это будет хорошо видно на кодревью. А, во-вторых, даже если ему никто не сказал, что пациенты должны быть с группой крови, он узнает это из кода. И уже будет понимать, что в тех процессах реальной жизни, которые он описывает кодом, карта пациента создаётся только при наличии группы крови. А, значит, нужно искать какой-то способ сначала эту группу крови получить, и только потом создавать карту. Программирование моделирует реальный процесс. В настоящей работе даже на языках с типами, конечно, без должного контроля можно написать что угодно. Нужна управленческая воля, компетентность руководства, понимание опасности техдолга, в идеале отдельные должности для архитекторов, опытные лиды и старшие разработчики. Но когда всё это есть, можно отсекать много проблем ещё на старте и проще погружать новичков. #dev

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Journey to Fluency

@fluencyinenglish · Post #7410 · 12.11.2019 г., 06:31

#vocabulary #collocations #effect @fluencyinenglish @ieltsstrategies 🤞Sharing is caring🤞 ❇️Effect 🔹side effect an unwanted and unplanned effect that something has – used especially (about drugs and medical treatment) Common side effects of the drug may include headaches and muscle pains. 🔹after effects bad effects that continue for a long time after the thing that caused them A traumatic experience can have severe psychological after-effects war. 🔹repercussions /ˌriːpəˈkʌʃəns $ -pər-/ the effects that happen later as a result of an event or decision, especially a range of effects that continue for a long time The scandal could have serious repercussions for her career.The judge’s decision is likely to have important repercussions for future cases of this kind. 🔹a knock-on effect used when something has an effect on something, which then has an effect on something else Higher oil prices have a knock-on effect on other fuels ❇️VERBS have an effect on something/somebody Eating junk food will eventually have an effect on your health. 🔹have the effect of doing somethingThe news had the effect of making everyone feel better. 🔹produce an effect formalIf we combine these sounds, they produce an effect that is almost jazzy. 🔹feel an effect (=notice it)Small companies will feel the effect of the recession first. 🔹lessen/reduce an effect (=make an effect smaller or less severe)The government must take action to reduce the effects of pollution. 🔹cushion the effect of something(=make it less bad)Lower mortgage rates will cushion the effect of rising house prices. 🔹an effect lasts (=continues)The effect of the drug lasts about six hours. 🔹an effect wears off (=gradually stops)The effect of the anaesthetic was beginning to wear off. ❇️ADJECTIVES 🔹big/majorThe teachers’ strike had a big effect on many schools. 🔹significant/substantial/marked (=quite big)Global warming could have a significant effect on agriculture in many parts of the world. 🔹profound/powerful (=very big, in a way that changes someone or something significantly )My father’s death had a profound effect on me. 🔹dramatic (=very big and sudden)Taking the new drug had a dramatic effect on his health. 🔹negligible/minimal formal (=very small)The advertising campaign had a negligible effect on demand. 🔹immediate (=quick and sudden)The announcement had an immediate effect on stock prices. good Inflation can sometimes have some good effects on the economy. @fluencyinenglish @ieltsstrategies 🔹positive/beneficial (=good, or helping someone or something in some way)The incident had a very positive effect on his career.badWorking too hard was beginning to have a bad effect on my health. 🔹negative/detrimental (=bad or harmful)the negative effects of low rainfall @fluencyinenglish @ieltsstrategies 🔹harmful/damaging (=causing harm or damage to something or someone)the harmful effects of drinking too much alcoholSome of the effects can be quite damaging. 🔹visible/noticeable (=an effect that you can clearly see)He drank five beers, but they did not seem to have any visible effect on him. @fluencyinenglish @ieltsstrategies 🔹the adverse effects formal (=the bad effects)No one told them about the adverse effects of smoking marijuana. 🔹the long-term/short-term effect(=having an effect for a long or short time)Many boxers suffer with the long-term effects of punches to the head. @fluencyinenglish @ieltsstrategies 🔹a knock-on effect (=an effect that is caused by something that has happened before)The strike could have a knock-on effect at other airports. @fluencyinenglish @ieltsstrategies 🔹a cumulative effect (=the effect of many things happening one after the other)The cumulative effect of these policies will be to push up inflation. 🔹the desired effect (=the effect you want) @fluencyinenglish @ieltsstrategies 🔹the full effect (=the whole effect) 🔹a calming/soothing effect (=one that makes you feel less angry, excited, or nervous) @fluencyinenglish @ieltsstrategies

Journey to Fluency

@fluencyinenglish · Post #6435 · 14.09.2018 г., 12:15

#vocabulary #collocations #effect @fluencyinenglish @ieltsstrategies 🤞Sharing is caring🤞 ❇️Effect 🔹side effect an unwanted and unplanned effect that something has – used especially (about drugs and medical treatment) Common side effects of the drug may include headaches and muscle pains. 🔹after effects bad effects that continue for a long time after the thing that caused them A traumatic experience can have severe psychological after-effects war. 🔹repercussions /ˌriːpəˈkʌʃəns $ -pər-/ the effects that happen later as a result of an event or decision, especially a range of effects that continue for a long time The scandal could have serious repercussions for her career.The judge’s decision is likely to have important repercussions for future cases of this kind. 🔹a knock-on effect used when something has an effect on something, which then has an effect on something else Higher oil prices have a knock-on effect on other fuels ❇️VERBS have an effect on something/somebody Eating junk food will eventually have an effect on your health. 🔹have the effect of doing somethingThe news had the effect of making everyone feel better. 🔹produce an effect formalIf we combine these sounds, they produce an effect that is almost jazzy. 🔹feel an effect (=notice it)Small companies will feel the effect of the recession first. 🔹lessen/reduce an effect (=make an effect smaller or less severe)The government must take action to reduce the effects of pollution. 🔹cushion the effect of something(=make it less bad)Lower mortgage rates will cushion the effect of rising house prices. 🔹an effect lasts (=continues)The effect of the drug lasts about six hours. 🔹an effect wears off (=gradually stops)The effect of the anaesthetic was beginning to wear off. ❇️ADJECTIVES 🔹big/majorThe teachers’ strike had a big effect on many schools. 🔹significant/substantial/marked (=quite big)Global warming could have a significant effect on agriculture in many parts of the world. 🔹profound/powerful (=very big, in a way that changes someone or something significantly )My father’s death had a profound effect on me. 🔹dramatic (=very big and sudden)Taking the new drug had a dramatic effect on his health. 🔹negligible/minimal formal (=very small)The advertising campaign had a negligible effect on demand. 🔹immediate (=quick and sudden)The announcement had an immediate effect on stock prices. good Inflation can sometimes have some good effects on the economy. @fluencyinenglish @ieltsstrategies 🔹positive/beneficial (=good, or helping someone or something in some way)The incident had a very positive effect on his career.badWorking too hard was beginning to have a bad effect on my health. 🔹negative/detrimental (=bad or harmful)the negative effects of low rainfall @fluencyinenglish @ieltsstrategies 🔹harmful/damaging (=causing harm or damage to something or someone)the harmful effects of drinking too much alcoholSome of the effects can be quite damaging. 🔹visible/noticeable (=an effect that you can clearly see)He drank five beers, but they did not seem to have any visible effect on him. @fluencyinenglish @ieltsstrategies 🔹the adverse effects formal (=the bad effects)No one told them about the adverse effects of smoking marijuana. 🔹the long-term/short-term effect(=having an effect for a long or short time)Many boxers suffer with the long-term effects of punches to the head. @fluencyinenglish @ieltsstrategies 🔹a knock-on effect (=an effect that is caused by something that has happened before)The strike could have a knock-on effect at other airports. @fluencyinenglish @ieltsstrategies 🔹a cumulative effect (=the effect of many things happening one after the other)The cumulative effect of these policies will be to push up inflation. 🔹the desired effect (=the effect you want) @fluencyinenglish @ieltsstrategies 🔹the full effect (=the whole effect) 🔹a calming/soothing effect (=one that makes you feel less angry, excited, or nervous) @fluencyinenglish @ieltsstrategies

Journey to Fluency

@fluencyinenglish · Post #6256 · 16.07.2018 г., 10:31

#collocations #effect #vocabulary @ieltsstrategies @fluencyinenglish لغت effect هم ‌در رایتینگ و سپیکینگ معمولا کاربرد زیادی در آزمون آیلتس پیدا می کند. زیرا، در برخی از سوالات از ما خواسته میشه که تاثیرات یک سری عوامل را چه از لحاظ منفی و‌چه مثبت توضیح دهیم. در ادامه کالوکیشن های مهم که همراه با effect می آیند را برای شما آورده ایم. @ieltsstrategies @fluencyinenglish ✅Crippling/destructive/damaging effect تاثیر مخرب @ieltsstrategies @fluencyinenglish ✅ culminative effect تاثیر کلی ✅ To ease the effect of sth عواقب/اثرات .... را کاهش دادن. @ieltsstrategies @fluencyinenglish ✅Ameliorate/cushion/lessen/minimize/reduce the effect of sth اثر/تاثیر چیزی را کاستن @ieltsstrategies @fluencyinenglish ✅marginal/negligible/subtle effect تاثیر ناچیز @ieltsstrategies @fluencyinenglish ✅lasting effects تاثیرات ماندگار @ieltsstrategies @fluencyinenglish ✅knock-on effect تاثیر نا مطلوب، پی آمدهای ناگوار @ieltsstrategies @fluencyinenglish ✅ yo-yo effect نوسان، ترقی و تنزل ✅ undesirable effect اثر نامطلوب @ieltsstrategies @fluencyinenglish ✅ permanent/lasting/ long term effect تاثیر دایمی @ieltsstrategies @fluencyinenglish

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