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Изворен канал @pythonotes · Post #32 · 7 фев.

Скорее всего уже слышали, что складывать строки через + это плохая практика. Падение производительности, и всё такое. Без лишних слов, давайте измерять: from timeit import timeit def t1(): # складываем 10 строк через + из переменной t = 'text' for _ in range(1000): s = t + t + t + t + t + t + t + t + t def t2(): # склеиваем список строк через метод join arr = ['text'] * 10 for _ in range(1000): s = ''.join(arr) def t3(): # складываем через + но не из переменной а непосредственно инлайн объекты for _ in range(1000): s = 'text' + 'text' + 'text' + ... # всего 10 раз Теперь каждую строку склейки запустим по 10М раз >>> timeit(t1, number=10000) 0.21951690399964718 >>> timeit(t2, number=10000) 1.4978306379998685 >>> timeit(t3, number=10000) 0.2213820789993406 Хм, а нам говорили что через "+" это плохо и медленно ))) 😁 Тут стоит учитывать, что речь идёт о склейке множества длинных строк. Давайте изменим условия: def t4(): t = 'text'*100 for _ in range(1000): s = t + t + t + t + t + t + t + t + t def t5(): arr = ['text'*100] * 10 for _ in range(1000): s = ''.join(arr) def t6(): for _ in range(1000): s = 'text'*100 + 'text'*100 + ... # всего 10 раз >>> timeit(t4, number=10000) 12.795130728000004 >>> timeit(t5, number=10000) 2.642637542999182 >>> timeit(t6, number=10000) 0.2184546610005782 Вот, уже другой разговор, сразу видна разница, в среднем в 6 раз. Но погодите, почему последний тест t6() по скорости такой же как и t3()? Ведь строки теперь в 100 раз длиннее! Это вопросы оптимизации кода, какие простые изменения ускоряют или замедляют выполнение программы. Мы столкнулись с примером обхода обращения к переменной. Например, именно так работает директива #define в С++, во время компиляции подставляя значение переменной вместо ссылки на неё. В Python это тоже работает, но часто ли вы сможете встретить такой способ работы со строками? К сожалению, способ почти только теоретический. В целом, тесты показали то, что мы хотели. Делаем выводы самостоятельно. Полный листинг 🌍 #tricks

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AI & Law

@ai_and_law · Post #523 · 11.03.2025 г., 08:04

🇺🇸USPTO Withdraws AI Strategy Amid Policy Shift The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) has officially withdrawn its AI strategy document, published in January 2025. Acting Director Coke Morgan Stewart cited that the strategy was influenced by Biden-era executive orders, which have since been rescinded by the Trump administration. The new AI policy direction focuses on deregulation and strengthening U.S. global AI dominance—though specific implementation details remain unclear. Key legal questions now come to the forefront: Will the U.S. redefine AI inventorship, potentially allowing corporations to be named as inventors? And how aggressively will the USPTO integrate AI into the patent examination process? These issues could reshape both intellectual property law and AI governance in the years ahead. #AI#PatentLaw#USPTO#AIGovernance#AIRegulation

AI & Law

@ai_and_law · Post #713 · 01.12.2025 г., 08:04

🇺🇸USPTO Reframes AI-Assisted Invention: Human Inventorship Remains the Rule The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office has issued new guidance confirming that AI may support invention but it cannot share or replace inventorship. The USPTO rescinded last year’s AI-specific guidelines and returned to a uniform standard: the same inventorship test applies to all inventions, regardless of whether AI was used in the process. Generative AI is now formally treated as “laboratory equipment” or any other research tool that assists a human creator, not as a co-inventor. Notably, the Office rejected the prior administration’s “joint inventorship”-based framework for determining patentability of AI-assisted inventions. Instead, examiners must ask a single question: did a natural person conceive the invention under traditional doctrine? Courts have already held that AI systems cannot receive patents, but they have not yet ruled on the boundaries of human inventorship when AI is deeply embedded in R&D. This updated guidance will likely shape that future litigation. #AIandLaw#IntellectualProperty#PatentLaw#AIRegulation#USPTO#AIGovernance

AI & Law

@ai_and_law · Post #247 · 23.02.2024 г., 08:04

OpenAI's Trademark Application for 'GPT' Denied Greetings everybody! The US Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) has rejected OpenAI's bid to trademark the term 'GPT' (generative pre-trained transformer), citing its generic nature. According to the PTO, granting the trademark could impede competitors from accurately describing their products as GPT. OpenAI argued that 'GPT' isn't merely descriptive and doesn't immediately convey its meaning to consumers. However, the PTO emphasized that those familiar with the technology understand 'GPT' as a general type of software, not exclusive to OpenAI products. The decision marks a setback for OpenAI, whose association with 'GPT' grew significantly with the popularity of ChatGPT and its subsequent AI models. Despite previous denials, OpenAI may appeal to the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board for another chance to secure the trademark. #OpenAI#GPT#Trademark#USPTO#AI